使用概念構圖法分析冷鏈物流中的斷鏈因素：以作業流程為例

Discussion on the Concept Mapping Method for Chain Breakage Factors: Taking the Operation Process of Cold Chain Logistics as an Example

研究目的：探討冷鏈物流過程中導致中斷的關鍵因素，針對操作流程進行分析。
研究設計／方法：運用概念構圖法呈現物流中的斷鏈因素。
研究結果：探討冷鏈物流中斷的關鍵因素，聚焦於冷凍食品配送流程。運用概念構圖法彙整業界專家意見，辨識66項斷鏈風險，並依影響程度與處理難度進行評分與主題歸納。經多變量分析及專家交叉驗證後，最終整合為五大核心風險構面：軟硬體技術失效、管理與流程疏失、產品特性與包裝問題、作業延誤與流程效率不足，以及教育訓練與人員認知缺失。
研究限制／啟發：不適用於所有冷鏈物流領域，未來研究可擴展至更多地區和產業。
理論／實務／社會意涵：研究凸顯技術、人為、管理三者交叉影響，具實務建議，對理論與實務均有貢獻。
創見／價值：本研究以業界專家的實務經驗為基礎，應用於冷鏈物流的策略發展，具有新穎性和實用價值。

Purpose–This research aims to identify the key factors responsible for chain disruptions in cold chain logistics, focusing on the frozen food distribution process.
Design/methodology/approach–The study applies concept mapping to systematically gather, structure, and represent insights from industry professionals regarding breakage factors in cold chain logistics.
Findings–The study initially identified 66 breakage factors through expert brainstorming, each evaluated for impact and difficulty. These were first grouped into six clusters: (1) improper use and maintenance of hardware/software facilities, (2) mismanagement and operational negligence, (3) lack of durability and improper packaging, (4) poor operation time control and incomplete circulation processing, (5) sharp peak/off-peak period issues and poor process planning, and (6) insufficient cold chain awareness and imperfect training. However, further expert validation revealed overlapping risk dimensions among clusters. These insights led to a refined consolidation into five overarching categories: Technical Failures in Hardware and Software, Management and Procedural Negligence, Product-Specific Challenges and Packaging Issues, Operational Delays and Workflow Inefficiencies, and Training and Awareness Deficiencies. This reclassification reflects the interconnected nature of technological, procedural, and human risk factors, and provides a more pragmatic structure for risk mitigation. The iterative process aligns with existing literature emphasizing the importance of incorporating practitioner experience and acknowledging risk interdependencies in supply chain systems.
Research limitations/implications–As the data is based on expert opinions from a specific industry, the results may not be generalizable across all cold chain sectors. Future research could expand to other regions and industries.
Practical implications/Social implications–This study provides actionable recommendations for improving cold chain logistics management, contributing to enhanced operational standards and a reduction in breakage incidents.
Originality/value–By integrating professional experience directly into strategy development, this research offers novel insights and practical value for both academic research and the cold chain industry.