論反不正當競爭法解釋的知識轉型與方法重構

長期以來，反不正當競爭法解釋落後於實踐發展，其在傳統社會尚可勉強維繫，但在數字經濟下則凸顯出與時代的脫節。癥結在於，沒有釐清權利保護亦或秩序維護、追求自由競爭亦或公平競爭的定位，且過於依賴對商業道德的法解釋。當前實踐中，已呈現由商業道德秩序為中心朝向以市場競爭秩序為中心之解釋範式漂移的趨勢。法解釋理論應盡早在觀念上穿透商業道德的面紗，直抵其維護市場競爭秩序之中信息傳遞機制的法經濟學內核，完成自身的知識轉型。進而，應當重構法解釋方法，確立扭曲經營者質量信息傳遞成本的一般分析框架，在已有規範類型下區分適用''可反駁的推定''規則和''提高經營者信號傳遞成本''標準分析，並確立''一般條款''解釋中規則與標準的分階適用。最後，還應提升從商業道德秩序走向市場競爭秩序的觀念自覺，以建構更具確定性與妥當性的競爭的法定秩序。

For a long time, the interpretation of the Anti-Unfair Competition Law has lagged behind practical developments. While this was barely sustainable in traditional society, the disconnection has become acute in the digital economy. The core issue lies in the failure to clarify whether the law aims at protecting rights or maintaining order, or whether it pursues free competition or fair competition, alongside an over-reliance on the interpretation of business ethics. Current judicial practice exhibits a paradigm drift from a focus on business ethics order toward one centered on market competition order. Legal interpretation theory must conceptually penetrate the veil of business ethics to reach the law-and-economics core of the information transmission mechanism that maintains market competition, thereby achieving an epistemological transformation. Furthermore, it is necessary to reconstruct interpretation methodologies by establishing a general analytical framework for the distortion of quality information transmission costs, distinguishing between the application of“rebuttable presumption”rules and the“increased signaling cost”standard within existing normative categories, and establishing a tiered application of rules and standards in the interpretation of“general provisions.”Ultimately, enhancing conceptual awareness of the transition from business ethics to market competition order is essential to shaping a more definite and adequate legal order of competition.