補辦結婚登記存廢論——《婚姻家庭編解釋（一）》第6條的再解釋

結婚登記條款不是命令性規範。當事人可以選擇結婚登記形成婚姻關係，也可以選擇不進行結婚登記而維持同居關係。符合婚姻實質要件的男女，不存在一個''應當進行結婚登記''的時點；不存在一個補辦結婚登記溯及力的妥當時點。將補辦結婚登記的婚姻效力回溯至雙方均符合《民法典》所規定的結婚的實質要件時起算，創造了一種隱含的事實婚姻關係，公示性、確定性都存在問題，不符合生活實際，不具有操作性，也會產生嚴重後果。補辦結婚登記不應當產生溯及力，而應當與結婚登記相同，從登記完成開始產生效力。不存在溯及力的補辦結婚登記不具有規範意義。與復婚登記一樣，補辦結婚登記條款似可以廢除。

The provisions governing marriage registration are not peremptory norms. Parties are free either to establish a marital relationship through formal marriage registration or to live in cohabitation without completing registration. For heterosexual couples satisfying all substantive statutory prerequisites for a valid marriage, no legally mandated time point requires them to complete marriage registration by law; nor is there any temporally sound basis, logically and normatively, to justify the retroactive effect of supplementary marriage registration. The existing rule that traces the validity of a marriage registered supplementarily back to the date on which both parties satisfied all substantive marital prerequisites under the Civil Code implicitly creates a hidden type of de facto marriage. This artificial legal mechanism contains inherent flaws in public notice effect and legal certainty, departs from the real logic of social life, and would inevitably give rise to a host of serious unintended legal ramifications. Supplementary marriage registration shall generate no retroactive effect whatsoever. It shall be treated as identical to original marriage registration, and its legal force shall take effect prospectively upon the formal completion of registration procedures. Since supplementary marriage registration deprived of retroactive effect hardly has any independent practical value, the statutory provisions governing such registration are arguably ripe for repeal.