離岸風機水下基礎塗裝耐蝕性及耐海水沖蝕性研究

Study on corrosion resistance of offshore wind turbine underwater foundation coating and seawater corrosion resistance

本研究是探討台灣海洋環境對離岸風機水下基礎塗裝耐蝕性及耐海水沖蝕性研究，以無溶劑型環氧樹酯漆、熔射純鋁及鋅鋁和高速火焰熔射噴塗（HVOF）鐵基非晶質合金等，共4種材料進行測試。使用冷熱交變試驗機與沖蝕試驗機來模擬台灣氣候和海浪沖擊對離岸風機基礎塗層的影響，並配合海水吊掛實際測試，瞭解塗層在海上的附著性及耐沖蝕能力。研究結果顯示：環氧樹酯包覆的試片，在海水中不易侵蝕至試片內部;而在熔射純鋁及鋅鋁的試片，受到海水侵蝕後，表面會產生大量氧。在經過11次循環試驗下，2種塗層皆有受到腐蝕，表面有孔洞及剝落情形；而HVOF試片，經過2次循環試驗產生嚴重腐蝕。
經過6個月海水吊掛試驗後，可以發現4種試片在海水飛濺區都無明顯變化。在潮差區有許多青苔附著於表面。而環氧樹酯包覆的試片能輕易去除青苔附著，熔射純鋁及鋅鋁試片則會有無法輕易去除的青苔附著。4種試片在全浸區皆受到貝類及藻類附著，將試片清理後亦有藻類附著於表面，也有些輕微的腐蝕現象。

This study explores the marine environment in Taiwan for corrosion and seawater resistance of underwater base coatings for offshore wind turbines. We use four kinds of coating to test: olvent-free epoxy resin paint, pure aluminum spraying, zinc-aluminum spraying and high velocity flame spraying (HVOF) iron-based amorphous alloys. Cold and hot alternating test machine and erosion testing machine were used to simulate the climate and wave impact on the foundation structure of offshore wind turbine in Taiwan and seawater suspension test was performed to understand the adhesion and corrosion resistance of the coating. The research results show that the epoxy resin-coated test piece was not easy to be corroded into the interior of the test piece in seawater.
However, the test pieces sprayed with pure aluminum and zinc-aluminum were eroded by seawater, a large amount of oxygen were generated on the surface. After 11 cycle tests, both coatings were corroded, with voids and peeling on the surface. The HVOF test piece was severely corroded after 2 cycle tests.
After six months of seawater suspension tests, it can be found that the four kinds of specimen in the seawater splash area have no obvious changes. In tidal areas, there is a lot of moss attached to the surface of each coating specimens coated with epoxy resin can easily remove moss attachments. The sprayed pure aluminum and zinc-aluminum specimens have moss that is not easy to be removed. Four specimens were adhered by shellfish and algae in the full immersion area. After cleaning, algae are still attached to the surface, and there is some slight corrosion.