鋅空氣電池用電解質添加劑分析與測試

The Research of Additives in Electrolyte Applied to Zinc-air Battery

近年來因電動車以及電網儲能發展的需求，二次電池之研究已成為能量儲存的熱門話題，二次可充式金屬空氣電池包含Fe-air、Li-air與Zn-air等類型，尤以鋅空氣電池具有低成本，高安全性，對環境友善等優點。但二次鋅空氣電池在鹼性電解質，鋅金屬有自腐蝕放電及充電時生成枝晶（Dendrite structure）造成電池過早失效。本研究選用五種添加劑：EDTA、Tween20、Tartaric acid、BiCl3、SnCl2加入電解質中，以塔弗極化、線性極化、循環伏安等電化學分析法探討其電化學特性，佐以SEM觀察充電後鋅極析鍍物之表面形貌，作為電池改進效能之依據。

In recent years, the developing of electrical vehicle and smart grid inspired an emergent need of secondary batteries for energy storage. Among the secondary batteries, metal-air battery, including Fe-air, Li-air and especially Zn-air, takes the advantages of low cost, high safety and environmental friendliness. However, the intrinsic drawbacks of Zn-air batteries, such as self-discharge induced by Zn-dissolution in the alkaline electrolyte and dendrite-formation in the charging process causes premature failure, were still waiting for being solved. In this study, additives such as EDTA, Tween20, tartaric acid, BiCl3 and SnCl2 added in the electrolyte were investigated to prevent those drawbacks. Electrochemical results from the Tafel plot and cyclic voltammetry were compared to evaluate the electrode characteristic and SEM analysis was used to observe the surface morphology of the zinc electrode after charging.