臺灣大氣腐蝕因子調查與腐蝕環境分類之探討

Study of Corrosive Factors of Atmosphere and Classification of Corrosive Environment in Taiwan

臺灣為高溫、高濕、高鹽份的海島環境，造成公共工程結構物腐蝕嚴重。過去經驗顯示，引用國外大氣腐蝕數據進行腐蝕速率評估與防蝕設計，常有未達設計年限就已銹蝕損壞的情形。因此，進行臺灣本土大氣腐蝕環境的調查與研究，尤其重要。本文將現地蒐集之氯鹽量、二氧化硫沉積量與金屬試片腐蝕數據，藉由系統介面功能處理後，將調查分析結果以圖資方式，建置腐蝕環境分類系統。研究結果顯示，在氯鹽沉積速率一年期之調查試驗結果以桃園大潭試驗線、臺中港試驗線、臺塑六輕試驗線較高。二氧化硫沉積量以龍德工業區、觀音工業區、通霄火力電廠、彰濱工業區、中鋼公司、興達火力電廠沉積速率較高。碳鋼、鋅、銅、鋁之大氣腐蝕環境分類多為C3以上，沿海地區則達C5等級，在平行海岸線方面，以高鐵沿線為例，碳鋼與鋅為C3，銅金屬則為C4，鋁為C2 ~ C3等級。

Taiwan located in a high temperature, high humidity and high salt island environment, resulting in severe corrosion of public facilities. Past experience has shown that citing the foreign atmospheric corrosion data for the corrosion rate of assessment and corrosion design, leaded to the result that corrosion often happens before the designed life time. Therefore, making a Taiwanese atmospheric environmental corrosion survey and research is especially important. The data of chloride salt, sulfur dioxide deposition and metal specimen corrosion in Taiwan will be collected, after processing by the system, the survey analysis results will be perform as a data-map, in order to build corrosive environment classification system. This study focusing on chloride deposition rate. Tai Tam, Taoyuan, Taichung Harbor and Formosa Plastics Group's sixth naphtha’s test lines are higher than other’s in Taiwan according to the Taiwan's annual survey. Sulfur dioxide deposition in Lung Te Industrial park, Guanyin Industrial Park, sixth grade thermal power plants, Changhua Coastal Industrial Park, China Steel Corporation, Xingda thermal power plants are higher than other places in Taiwan. Carbon steel, zinc, copper, aluminum in Taiwan atmospheric corrosion environments are generally higher than C3 level. Coastal areas are C5 level. In parallel coastline, high-speed railway for example, the carbon steel and zinc corrosions are C3 level ,copper is C4 level and aluminum is C2 ~ C3 level.