美國川普政府援外政策轉向對國際援助的影響與臺灣政策的契機

The Shift in the US Trump Administration’s Foreign Aid Policy: Impacts on International Aid and Opportunities for Taiwan’s Policy

美國川普政府於2025年上任後調整對外援助政策，將美國國際開發總署（USAID）功能併入國務院，並於7月1日正式關閉USAID；在2026財政年度預算中，大幅削減援外經費，改為具戰略與國家安全考量的投資計畫，自此美國援外政策轉為更具交易性，及以國安與地緣政治利益導向的政策。東南亞地區長期為美國援助計畫受援國，USAID是印尼、菲律賓、緬甸等主要援助經費來源，其關閉將導致資金斷裂與計畫中斷，進而衝擊區域政治穩定、人權發展與地緣政治。美國援助政策轉向亦已引發其他先進國家跟進，值此關鍵時刻，我國應審慎評估其對全球及我國友邦、新南向國家的影響，並思考整合技術團、技職教育、公衛醫療、資通訊與中小企業等既有援助資源，擬定具有我國經濟發展與產業特色的援助政策與實施計畫。

Following President Trump's 2025 inauguration, the US administration restructured its foreign assistance by integrating USAID into the Department of State, leading to the agency's official closure on July 1. The Fiscal Year 2026 budget drastically slashed foreign aid, redirecting funds toward strategic and national security-oriented investments. Consequently, US aid policy has pivoted toward a transactional approach driven by geopolitical interests.
As a long-standing recipient of US programs, Southeast Asia—particularly Indonesia, the Philippines, and Myanmar—faces funding gaps and project disruptions from USAID's closure, threatening regional stability, human rights, and geopolitics. With other developed nations following suit, Taiwan must urgently assess the implications for the global community, its diplomatic allies, and New Southbound Policy target countries. Taiwan should integrate its existing aid resources—such as technical missions, vocational education, public health, ICT, and SMEs—to formulate foreign aid policies and implementation plans that leverage its unique economic and industrial strengths.