科技驅動的護理實務──臨床決策支援、早期警示分析與以人為本的照護

Technology-Enabled Nursing Practice: Clinical Decision Support, Early Warning Analytics, and Human-Centered Care

本文章探討科技驅動的護理實務（technology-enabled nursing practice），聚焦於臨床決策支援系統（clinical decision support systems）、人工智慧（AI）驅動的早期警示（early warning）分析，以及以人為本照護之整合應用。隨著數位健康科技、電子病歷、遠距監測與人工智慧快速發展，護理工作模式已由傳統經驗判斷，逐漸轉向結合資料分析、風險預測與即時決策支持之照護型態。研究顯示，臨床決策支援系統可協助護理師提升照護流程一致性與增進病情辨識能力，並支持優先順序判斷與跨專業溝通；人工智慧驅動之早期警示系統則可透過高維度資料分析，更早辨識病人惡化風險，進而提升病人安全與照護品質。然而，科技導入亦可能帶來警示疲勞、工作流程不協調、專業自主受限及關係性照護被弱化等挑戰。因此，科技應被視為護理實務的基礎要素，而非單純工具，其設計與應用必須符合護理工作流程、強化臨床推理、重視倫理管理，並維持病人尊嚴與以人為本價值。未來應持續推動護理主導之科技評值、教育培訓與制度管理，以提升科技整合下之照護效益與專業發展。

This article was written to investigate technology-enabled nursing practice, with particular attention given to the integrated use of clinical decision support systems, artificial intelligence (AI)-driven early warning analytics, and human-centered care. As digital health technologies, electronic health records, remote monitoring, and AI continue to evolve rapidly, nursing practice has progressively shifted away from its former singular reliance on experiential judgment toward care models that incorporate data analytics, risk prediction, and real-time decision support. Evidence indicates that clinical decision support systems can enhance consistency in care processes, improve nurse recognition of patient deterioration, and support prioritization and interprofessional communication. Likewise, AI-driven early warning systems can leverage high-dimensional clinical data to detect patient deterioration earlier, thereby improving patient safety and quality of care. However, the integration of these technologies may also introduce challenges such as alert fatigue, workflow misalignment, reduced professional autonomy, and the erosion of the relational dimensions of care. Therefore, technology should be regarded not merely as an auxiliary tool but as a foundational element of contemporary nursing practice. Its design and implementation must align with nursing workflows, reinforce clinical reasoning, address ethical governance, and preserve patient dignity and human-centered values. Future efforts should prioritize nurse-led technology evaluations, education and training, and organizational governance to optimize patient outcomes and support professional development in increasingly technology-integrated nursing environments.