混合營業模式停車位指派暨分配最佳化之研究

Optimization of Parking Space Allocation and Assignment in a Hybrid Business Model

為解決停車位不足問題，共享停車概念應運而生。近年來，臺灣最大的共享停車平台與停車場業者合作，將閒置車位整合至平台，供用戶提前預約，提供更多停車選擇。與單一營業模式的停車位分配相比，混合營業模式下的車位分配與指派更為複雜。本研究旨在探討如何根據需求，將停車場車位以月租、臨時停車和預約共享三種方式進行車位指派與分配，透過最大化資源利用，有效改善城市停車位不足的問題。本研究從公有停車場委外經營業者的角度，利用網路流動與數學規劃方法，構建以最大化營運收入為目標的最佳化混合營運方式之停車位最佳指派與分配模式。最後使用臺北市大安區公有停車場的實際資料進行測試，經過初步評估本研究測試結果良好。

To address the serious shortage of parking spaces, the concept of shared parking has emerged. In recent years, major parking-sharing platforms in Taiwan have collaborated with garage operators to integrate unused spaces into their systems. This allows users to book spaces in advance, providing more parking options. However, managing parking space allocation under a mixed business model is more complex than a single-business approach. This study investigates demand-based parking space assignment and allocation across three different business models: monthly rental, temporary parking, and shared reservations. The objective is to maximize the utilization of parking spaces for garage operators, thereby alleviating parking shortages and reducing urban traffic congestion. This research focuses on public parking garages managed by outsourced operators. It employs network flow and mathematical programming techniques to develop an optimization model for parking space allocation, with the objective of maximizing operating revenue. To assess the model's practicality, computational tests were conducted using real data from Taipei’s Da’an District. The results demonstrate the model’s effectiveness for real-world applications.