戰爭移民：1949來台軍民自稱與他稱的初探

War Migrants: A Preliminary Study on the Self-ascription and Ascription by Others of the 1949 Migrants

本文採取戰爭視角，分別從社會人口特性、職業與工作、婚姻家庭與親密關係、居住空間的類型等面向，關注1949來台軍民及其台生世代的歷史經驗與社會文化特性，希望可以說明，戰爭移民此一概念比較適合作為此波移民的自稱與他稱。這樣的嘗試，至少具有以下兩個意義：其一，這是一個正名工作，可以合理呈現戰爭作為一種人口移動推力的影響、印記與世代遞減的特性；其二，藉以說明來台軍民及其台生世代的相關特性並不是本質性族群文化的展現，而是戰爭壓力下社會人口特性與安置措施交互影響下的非意圖後果。

Taking a war perspective, this paper sheds light on the history and social-cultural properties of the 1949 migrants from Mainland China to Taiwan, focusing on their socio-demographics, occupation, job, family, marriage, and living arrangement, with an intention to propose“war migrant”as their self-ascription and ascription-by-others. There are two goals behind this effort. First, it is to show the impact, mark and a generational decline of war as a force behind the 1949 migration. Second, it is to show that the social and cultural properties as exhibited by the migrants and their descendants are not expression of an ethnic culture, but an unintended consequence of the interplay between their socio-demographic traits and the KMT-enforced resettlement policies.