食物的召喚——從《深夜食堂》的閱讀歷程論讀者的接受效應

The Call of Food–From the Reading Process of Shinya Shokudo On the Reader's Acceptance Effect

《深夜食堂》是日本漫畫家安倍夜郎先生的漫畫作品，自2006年10月起於小學館《big comic original》連載後，至今依然人氣不減。不僅如此，《深夜食堂》更於2009年之後多次被翻拍成電影、日劇、韓劇及華語劇，由此可見其受歡迎的程度，不只是日本的讀者，甚至是韓國及大華語地區也都擁有極高的人氣。然而《深夜食堂》沒有奇幻的情節甚至畫風也談不上華麗細膩何以大家如此喜愛？深究其受歡迎的原因，許多讀者喜愛《深夜食堂》理由在於作品能勾起讀者自身經驗，而且這些經驗與文本中所發散出的情境可相互融合，其中又以透過文本中「食物」的牽引為多，而使作品大受歡迎。以此可見《深夜食堂》的閱讀歷程中，讀者是一個重要的角色，而以讀者為探討中心的文學討論中，「接受美學」正是談及讀者如何以自身經驗融入作品的接受歷程，恰巧能以此作一對照。在「接受美學」理論中討論關於讀者閱讀的歷程而言，《深夜食堂》的文本對讀者產生了一種不同於日常語言的「召喚結構」，當讀者藉由文本情節中食物與人物留下的各種不確定意義的「空白」，投射於自身的經驗時，文本與讀者便產生了交流及互動的力量。這樣的接受反應或許可以從《深夜食堂》影視化的改編得以驗證，當文本被改變成日本、韓國、華語等影視化版本時，擁有不同的飲食文化，文本結構是否依然受歡迎？以此，本文以《深夜食堂》漫畫文本作為切入點，輔以各個不同語言的影視版本為參考，探究讀者對於《深夜食堂》的接受效應及其召喚文本為何。

Shinya Shokudo is a manga work by Japanese artist Abe Yaro. Since october 2006, it has been serialized in Big Comic Original at SHOGAKUKAN, and it is still popular today. Not only Shinya Shokudo has been reproduced into movies, but also TV drama program with different language include Korean and Chinese many times since 2009. In this case Shinya Shokudo popularity is not only for Japanese readers, but also for Koreans and Chinese readers. Has a very high popularity. However, Shinya Shokudo does not have a fantasy story and gorgeous style of painting. Why reader loves it so much? Investigating the reasons for its popularity, many readers love Shinya Shokudo because the work can evoke the reader's own experience, and these experiences can be integrated with the situation emanating from the text, which is guided by the “Food” in the manga. This's may the reason about the manga are very popular. From this situation, reader is an important role of the reading process. About the reader in the literary discussion “Theory of Reception” is talking about how readers can integrate their own experience into the process of acceptance the text. So reader of Shinya Shokudo can be used as a comparison. Theory of Reception talks about the “Inviting structure”, is means the reader's reading process, produces like a “Calling structure” for readers. In Shinya Shokudo, when readers leave behind the relationship between food and characters in the text, the “Blanks” of various uncertain meanings are projected on one's own experience, the reader have to communicate with text. This kind of acceptance response may be verified by the reproduced of Shinya Shokudo. When the text is changed to Japanese, Korean, Chinese and other video drama, even with different food cultures, the text structure is still popular. Based on this, this article uses the manga text of Shinya Shokudo as an entry point, supplemented by film and TV drama in different languages as a reference, to explores the reader's acceptance of Shinya Shokudo.