他們是為了信仰：當代中國民間基督徒的抗爭個案

They Stand up for the Faith: Case Studies on Mingjian Christians’Protests in Contemporary China

改革開放以來，中國民間抗爭者的經驗廣受關注，惟來自宗教領域的言行卻備受忽略。受制於黨國管控宗教的政策，及宗教內部「私人化」傳統，宗教抗爭者在中國面對著雙重邊緣性困局。本文以基督新教為中心，選取公元二千年以降的兩個重要個案：（一）2011年間於北京的新興城市家庭教會，為捍衛宗教空間的「戶外崇拜」抗爭；及（二）2014至2016年間浙江溫州三自教會傳道及信徒，公開地投入反對官方的強拆十字架運動。通過上述個案，探討中國官方三自教會及非官方的家庭教會，如何在「為了信仰」的宗教動力下，在宗教領域展開前所未有的民間抗爭運動。民間基督徒如何以行動樹立中國基督徒的抗爭新典範？在當代中國政教關係方面，有關抗爭又具有何種嶄新意義？

Since the Reform and Opening, the story of Chinese protesters has attracted wide attention. Among grassroots protests in different areas, the voices and actions of religious actors have long been ignored. Subject to the Party-State policy of controlling religion and the privatized tradition of Chinese religions, religious protesters have always faced the dual predicament of being marginalized in China. In this paper, two important cases of Protestant Christians are selected for investigation: (1) the“outdoor worship”protest by the Emerging Urban House Church in Beijing (2011); and (2) the anti-cross-demolition campaign by the Three-Self Church in Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province (2014-2016). Through the above-mentioned cases, this paper explores how Christians in the official and unofficial churches of China, under the religious impetus of“Stand up for the Faith,”have launched an unprecedented protest movement by defending the rights of religious people’s space and symbols. In what way does the Mingjian Christians’experiences set up a new model of protest in China? What significance does the protests have with respect to contemporary religio-political relations?