用敵人的語言，說自己的故事《圓屋》的抗存說故事者

Narrating Tribal Stories in the Enemy’s Language: Survivance Storyteller in The Round House

露薏絲•鄂翠曲於二○一二年出版的小說《圓屋》，風格迥異於她一向擅長使用的多重跳躍敘事觀點，由十三歲的奧吉布瓦男孩視角出發，講述他在母親遭受性暴力攻擊後，面對家庭劇變，挺身而出追求真相與正義的過程。這本小說是鄂翠曲首度利用偵探敘事類型，吸引讀者關注美國原住民保留區上複雜的社會、政治與法律議題，而小說結尾對讀者而言是個挑戰，因為男孩為了保護母親不再受傷害，動手槍殺了強暴犯。本文分為三部分，第一部分建立維茲諾探討抗存的概念，以及原住民作家創造性地利用敵人語言的歷史脈絡；第二部分討論鄂翠曲如何挪用偵探文類，揭露保留區上因為司法制度不彰，導致原住民女性長期受到白人性暴力壓迫的艱困處境；第三部分探討奧吉布瓦傳統魍地古的歷史，理解主角別無選擇，只能除去危及部落的噬人猛獸。主角後來繼承父業，成為檢察官，使用另一種形式的敵人語言，為部落主權奮鬥，成為獨特的抗存說故事者。

Louise Erdrich’s fourteenth novel, The Round House (2012), was the winner of the National Book Award for Fiction in 2012 and the American Book Award in 2013. Unlike Erdrich’s previous works, which often feature multiple and shifting points of view, this story is narrated by an Ojibwe teenage boy who experiences the turbulent consequences of a crime committed against his mother and decides to seek truth and justice for his family. Described as a“gripping mystery”on the book blurb, the story can be seen as Erdrich’s first attempt to make use of the detective genre to draw readers’attention to the complex social, political, historical, and legal situation on reservations. The ending of the story also poses a challenge to readers. In order to see justice done and protect his mother from further harm, the boy protagonist shoots the sexual violator of his mother and becomes a murderer. This paper aims to discuss Erdrich’s use of the detective genre in relation to her revelation of the crime and corruption taking place on reservations. In light of Gerald Vizenor’s idea of survivance, this study will demonstrate how Indigenous people have suffered, yet resisted, the unjust system of justice and jurisdictional failures brought by settler colonialism through their creative use of the enemy’s language. It will also show how the boy narrator survives after he kills the monster in his community and becomes a unique storyteller.