從「生成動物」到「生成地球」——陳楸帆科幻小說的後人類想像

From“Becoming-Animal”to“Becoming-Earth”: Posthuman Imagination in Chen Qiufan’s Science Fictions

本文探討陳楸帆如何透過「生成動物」與「生成地球」來開展後人類想像。陳楸帆透過〈鼠年〉與〈巴鱗〉探索人與動物的雙向關係、物種界限的「生成動物」敘事，揭示了跨物種同理心與「生成動物」何以成為可能；另一方面，陳楸帆〈菌歌〉亦表現了一種「生成地球」轉向，思索以地球為中心（而非人類）的思維何以成為可能。本文試圖指出，陳楸帆嘗試以科幻小說來想像一元論為中心的後人類轉向，建立一種以普遍生命力為中心的物種平等主義。陳楸帆作品所展現的後人類想像，不僅豐富了中國科幻文學的深度，也為理解與探索後人類時代的物種關係，人與地球關係，提供了新視角。

This article explores how Chen Qiufan envisions posthuman conditions through the concepts of“becoming-animal”and“becoming-Earth.”In“The Year of the Rat”and“Ba Lin,”Chen Qiufan examines the reciprocal relationships between humans and animals, constructing narratives of“becoming-animal”that blur species boundaries, reveal the potential for cross-species empathy and“becoming-animal”. On the other hand,“Fungal Song”manifests a shift toward“becoming-Earth,”contemplating how Earth-centered, rather than human-centered, mode of thinking becomes possible. This article argues that Chen Qiufan’s science fiction attempts to envision a posthuman shift centered on monism through science fiction, establishing a species egalitarianism grounded in universal vital force. The posthuman conditions depicted in Chen Qiufan’s works not only deepen the philosophical dimensions of Chinese science fiction but also offer new perspectives for understanding and exploring species relationships and human-Earth relations in the posthuman era.