論崑劇折子戲《紫釵記．折柳陽關》之歷史傳承與當代表演重構

Historical Transmission and Contemporary Performance: Reconstruction of the Kunqu Opera Excerpt“Snapping a Willow Twig, Frontier Pass”of The Purple Hairpin

本文探討崑劇折子戲《紫釵記．折柳陽關》的歷史傳承與當代表演重構，尤其聚焦於周傳瑛先生的身段譜。首先追溯該劇目從明清至現代的演出歷史，說明其流傳過程的曲折與斷層。接著，分析《折柳陽關》臺本的發展與定型，從清代葉堂《納書楹曲譜》奠定曲文與音樂、咸同年間藝人手抄本奠定臺本結構，到《遏雲閣曲譜》的定型，說明臺本的演變過程及本劇最終的審美定調。最後，以周傳瑛身段譜為例，詳細分析其在臺本修改、身段表演、場形設計及戲劇節奏等方面的重構思考，展現周傳瑛如何將「擺戲」轉化為歌舞交融並蘊含戲劇張力的抒情折子戲，總結其在當代崑劇表演中的獨特價值與時代意義。

This article examines the historical transmission and contemporary reconstruction of the Kunqu opera excerpt“Snapping a Willow Twig, Frontier Pass”of The Purple Hairpin, with a particular focus on Zhou Chuanying’s performance choreography. First, it traces the performance history of the piece from the Ming and Qing dynasties to the modern era, highlighting the disruptions and transformations in its transmission. The article then analyzes the development and standardization of the script for“Snapping a Willow Twig, Frontier Pass”are analyzed. From its musical and lyrical foundation in Ye Tang’s“Na Shu Ying music score”in the Qing dynasty, through the structural contributions of handwritten scripts by artists during the Xianfeng and Tongzhi periods, to its eventual formalization in“Ey un Ge Music Score”, the evolution and final aesthetic positioning of the script are explored in detail. Finally, taking Zhou Chuanying’s choreography notation as an example, this article offers an in-depth analysis of his creative decisions regarding script adaptation, performance gestures, staging design, and dramatic rhythm. It demonstrates how Zhou transformed“Jìng xì(static theater)”into a lyrical opera that artfully integrates song, dance, and dramatic tension. In doing so, it underscores the distinctive value and contemporary significance of this work within the Kunqu performance.