比較敏捷性運動與阻力運動對停經後骨質疏鬆症婦女體能表現與平衡穩定度之影響

Compare the Effects between Agility Exercise and Resistance Exercise on Physical Performance and Balance Stability in Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis

目的：運動可改善老年人體能，降低跌倒並預防骨折。敏捷性運動結合有氧、肌力、平衡與認知訓練，具防跌潛力，但對骨質疏鬆症研究有限。本研究比較敏捷性與阻力運動對停經後骨質疏鬆症女性體能表現和平衡穩定性的影響。方法：採準實驗設計，納入29名骨質疏鬆症女性（平均67.4歲），分為敏捷性運動組（AG）、阻力運動組（RG）和對照組（CG）。AG和RG每週訓練2小時，持續12週，CG組僅接受衛教。以體能表現（起坐測試、步行速度、行走測試）和平衡穩定性（Biodex系統）作為結果評估。結果：三組基本特徵無差異；12週後，AG與RG皆較CG提升部分體能表現，兩組差異不顯著。平衡方面僅AG改善顯著（變化率：-16.5%；95% CI [-22.4, -11.3]；p=0.002），廣義估計方程式則顯示在校正年齡、BMI和肌肉質量後，AG在平衡改善上優於RG（exp B : 0.82；95% CI [0.72, 0.93]；p=0.002）。結論：敏捷性與阻力運動對體能表現具相似效益，但敏捷性運動在平衡穩定性改善更佳，顯示其可能更適合應用於停經後骨質疏鬆女性之跌倒與骨折預防。

Objectives. Exercise can improve physical performance, reduce fall risk and prevent osteoporotic fractures in older adults. Agility exercise, which combines aerobic, strength, balance, and cognitive tasks, has potential for fall prevention but has not been well researched in the context of osteoporosis. This study compared the effects of agility and resistance exercise on physical performance and balance stability in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.
Methods. This quasiexperimental study involved 29 women with osteoporosis (average age, 67.4±6.5 years). The participants were divided into three groups: agility exercise (AG), resistance exercise (RG), and control (CG). The AG and RG received 2-hour sessions weekly for 12 weeks, and the CG received usual osteoporosis care education. The outcomes measured were physical performance (sitting to stand, walking speed and timed up-to-go) and balance stability (Biodex Balance System™SD).
Results. There were no significant baseline differences among the three groups. After 12 weeks, both the AG and RG improved some physical performance more than the CG did, with no significant difference between the AG and RG. In terms of balance stability, only the AG showed significant improvement (change percentage: -16.5%; 95% CI [-22.4, -11.3]; p=0.002). The generalized estimation equations revealed a significant difference in the intervention effect between the AG and RG after adjusting for age, BMI, and muscle mass (exp B: 0.82; 95% CI [0.72, 0.93]; p=0.002).
Conclusion. Agility and resistance exercise offer comparable physical performance benefits in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, and agility exercise provides superior balance stability improvements, supporting its use for fall and fracture prevention.