職場全身及局部振動暴露管理之探討

The Study of Exposure Management for Whole-body Vibration and Hand-arm Vibration in Occupational Fields

本研究目的在於探討各國家（美國、歐洲、日本等）對於全身及局部振動暴露之相關規範、國際標準等資料，比較其與我國現行職業安全衛生法令規範對於人員健康危害評估以及容許暴露時間之差異。
研究結果顯示我國目前相關的法令規範《職業安全衛生設施規則》第301條及第302條係源自1990年之前的國際標準，其內容除了在應用上受到某些限制外，亦與現行歐美等國的法令規範已有明顯差異，且可能影響到我國全身與局部振動危害管理的落實與執行，故建議有必要考量國際趨勢進行相關法令規範之修訂，以符合現今的國際標準。
在我國相關法令規範修訂之方向，建議可參考歐盟Directive 2002／44／EC振動暴露相關條文進行擬訂，且參考現行國際趨勢之相關法令規範，應可讓具有振動危害暴露的作業較容易被檢測出來，且易於換算其容許暴露時間，以符合國際上振動暴露危害預防管理之趨勢，保護勞工安全與健康。

This study aimed to examine relevant regulations and international standards for whole-body and hand-arm vibration exposure in various countries (including the United States, Europe, and Japan) and to compare these with current occupational safety and health laws and regulations in Taiwan regarding health hazard assessment and permissible exposure duration.
The results indicate that Taiwan's current regulations (Regulations for the Occupational Safety and Health Equipments and Measures Clause 301 and 302) are derived from international standards prior to 1990. These regulations, in addition to being subject to certain limitations in their application, also differ significantly from current regulations in Europe and the United States. This may impact the implementation and enforcement of whole-body and hand-arm vibration hazard management in Taiwan. Therefore, it is necessary to consider international trends and revise relevant regulations to align with current international standards.
Regarding the revision of relevant laws and regulations in Taiwan, it is recommended that reference be made to the provisions of EU Directive 2002/44/EC on vibration exposure, and reference be made to relevant laws and regulations based on current international trends. This should make it easier to detect operations with vibration hazard exposure and to calculate their permissible exposure time, thereby complying with international trends in vibration exposure hazard prevention and management, and protecting worker safety and health.