政黨宣傳與婦女服務：1950年代臺灣婦女宣傳網的制度運作與在地實踐

Party Propaganda and Women’s Service: Institutional Operations and Local Practices of the Women’s Propaganda Network in 1950s Taiwan

本文探討1950年代國民黨婦工會在臺灣建構的「婦女宣傳網」，從制度運作與在地實踐出發，分析其於黨國體制、父權社會與基層女性日常間所形成的多重意義。相較於既有研究著重婦女組織的政治論述與宣傳成果，本文聚焦宣傳網的組織模式、工作流程與性別化運作邏輯，指出其如何在反共主義與「宣傳下鄉」政策下，將政治宣傳生活化地滲透家庭與社區，並在資源匱乏與體制鬆散中，仰賴地方女性的自主參與、私人網絡與母職形象，宣導黨國與家政知識，形成兼具政治性與實用性的婦女宣傳工作模式。
本文運用國民黨黨務文書、報刊、黨工投稿、教材及口述史料重建宣傳網的制度與運作實情。研究發現，宣傳網既是黨國滲透全臺的政治工具，也是女性進入公領域的重要管道；地方輔選與八七水災等案例顯示其強化國民黨基層支持、濟弱扶貧與女性互助的社區功能，形塑「婦女票」的臺式選舉動員文化，卻也再製女性身體表演、無償服務與母職情感等性別定位。
整體而言，婦女宣傳網結合義務幹事制度，旨在統合婦女，形塑黨國宣傳深入臺灣的關鍵機制，亦揭示女性在黨國與父權縫隙間所展現的能動性與限制，構成冷戰臺灣國家、性別與地方社會互動的歷史場景。

The present article examines the Women’s Propaganda Network婦女宣傳網established by the Kuomintang（KMT）Women’s Working Committee in 1950s Taiwan, analyzing its institutional development and local operation within the broader structures of the party-state and patriarchal society. Drawing on party archives, newspapers, grassroots contributions—namely written submissions , instructional materials, and oral histories, the study reconstructs how the network translated anti-communist propaganda into domestic routines and community services. Under limited resources, it relied on local women’s voluntary labor, personal networks, bodily presentation, and maternal authority to disseminate political messages in everyday settings.
The analysis shows that the network functioned both as an instrument of party-state penetration and as a channel for women's entry into civic life. Cases such as local elections and the August 7 Floods(八七水災)of 1959 reveal how it consolidated KMT grassroots support while reinforcing gendered expectations of unpaid service and contributing to the emergence of a ''women's vote.'' The network thus illuminates the localized and gendered modalities of Cold War mobilization in Taiwan.