超越人類中心觀的歷史敘事：劄記與思索

A Post-Anthropocentric Historical Narrative: Notes and Reflections

本文回顧數本多元歷史敘事的重要著作，探討各類研究中動植物及微生物在歷史敘事中的角色，揭示認識非人類生物與人類共同構建歷史的重要性。本文首先分析了動物在科學發展中的隱喻和實驗作用，其次探討動物在殖民擴張和資本主義發展中的角色，如蒙古馬對帝國擴張的影響，以及豬在生物資本主義中的地位。第三節則討論植物與微生物對文明形成之關係，從金雞納樹在殖民醫學和生態變遷中的作用，農作物如何塑造人類文明，乃至於微生物在歷史進程中的交互影響。通過這些分析經典論著，本文挑戰傳統的人類中心歷史觀，呼籲提出一種多物種共構歷史的新視角。這種視角不僅豐富了我們對歷史理解，也應對當前生態的新思考方向。

This review article examines critical perspectives in multi-species history, emphasizing the interwoven relationship of human civilization and the natural world. Focusing on the roles of non-human entities in science, colonial expansion, and historical turning points, it supports a“multi-species dialogue,”synthesizing insights from ecological history and science and postcolonial theory. Challenging anthropocentric narratives, it investigates the agency of animals, plants, and microorganisms, highlighting how plants like cinchona shaped colonial power and crops affected the development of civilization. This emphasizes how non-human organisms co-construct history. The review draws on works analyzing cultural and material impacts, suggesting that this focus can enrich our grasp of historical processes and insights for understanding and facing current environmental concerns, and ultimately change our view of where the impetus for historical change comes from.