《民俗臺灣》的「作者」？：池田敏雄的編輯風格與民俗書寫

The“Author”of Minzoku Taiwan? : Toshio Ikeda’s Editorial Style and Folkloric Writing

《民俗臺灣》（1941）發行之前，池田敏雄（1916-1981）因為結識西川滿（1908-1999）而進入雜誌編輯領域並開始接觸民俗書寫。《民俗臺灣》創刊之後，池田敏雄是所有編輯中產量最為豐富的一位，尤其詳細記錄艋舺地區的各種民俗。以池田敏雄在《民俗臺灣》這本雜誌的表現來說，我們可以看到他不同於其他編輯的特色：除了詳細紀實的行文風格之外，池田敏雄的內容特別著重在家庭、女性以及鬼魂的相關習俗。另一個特殊之處在於，池田敏雄在《民俗臺灣》以本名發表之外，他還用大量的「筆名」撰寫文章，其中女性名字占據絕大多數。池田敏雄的民俗視野，不僅聚焦於台灣家庭民俗「內面」的觀察，更在於涉入的深度而超越了外在「表面」的認識，看到被遮蔽或不為人知的一面。然而，池田敏雄在《民俗臺灣》的貢獻被長期忽略，這意味著有一個更值得作為代表性的人物存在，使得池田敏雄始終只能淪為他的陰影，這個人物無疑就是金關丈夫（1897-1983）。基於池田敏雄在《民俗臺灣》的表現，提供本文如何給予這位編輯一個適當評價的思考方向。因此，本文擬將池田敏雄與金關丈夫兩位風格迥異的編輯及其作品對比，一方面藉此重新認識池田敏雄這位編輯者，一方面也企圖透過池田敏雄的民俗書寫去思考他對於自身的身分認同。

Prior to the publication of Minzoku Taiwan, Toshio Ikeda entered the realm of magazine editing and began engaging in folkloric writing due to his acquaintance with Mitsuru Nishikawa. Following the launch of Minzoku Taiwan, Ikeda emerged as the most prolific editor among his peers, particularly recognized for his comprehensive documentation of various folk customs in the Manka (Wanhua) region. Based on his contributions to this magazine, Ikeda’s distinctive characteristics, particularly in comparison to other editors, become evident. Beyond his meticulous documentary writing style, Ikeda’s content notably focuses on customs related to families, women, and the spectral. Another notable feature of his work is his extensive use of pseudonyms, many of which were female names. This perspective allowed him to delve into the“inner side”(naimen) of Taiwanese family folk customs, moving beyond a mere observation of their“external surface”(hyōmen) and revealing aspects that are obscured or unknown. Despite his significant contributions to Minzoku Taiwan, Ikeda’s work has long been underappreciated, overshadowed by a figure deemed more representative of the magazine’s legacy—Takeo Kanaseki. Given Toshio Ikeda’s notable contributions to Minzoku Taiwan, this paper seeks to provide a framework for reassessing his editorial contributions. By juxtaposing the distinct editorial styles and works of Toshio Ikeda and Takeo Kanaseki, this study aims to re-examine Ikeda’s role as an editor and explore how his folkloric writing reveals his self-identity and cultural positioning.