輯錄、考據與評論——王應麟三家《詩》學探析

The Gathering and Recording of Results of the Three Schools on the Book of Songs by Wang Ying Lin

王應麟是南宋晚期的經史名家，在《詩經》學史上，王氏以考據的工夫見長，其中尤以率先投入三家《詩》的輯佚工作最為後人所稱述。不過，學者幾乎僅關注王應麟《詩考》在輯佚書方面的開山貢獻，這就使得其考察顯得不夠完整，蓋《詩考》從事的是固然是最直接的三家《詩》輯佚工作，王應麟另在《玉海》中提供了整編後的主題史料，而《困學紀聞》更是兼具編錄與考論的貢獻，所以，要理解王應麟的三家《詩》學內涵，必須同時觀察《詩考》、《玉海》與《困學紀聞》的相關內容，才能對於此一主題獲得較為全面的認識。本文研究王應麟的三家《詩》學，同時考察上述之作，由是而判斷出其解《詩》立場與態度，並說明其在《詩經》學史上的意義。至此，王應麟三家《詩》輯錄學的價值、影響可以獲得確認。

Wang Ying Lin is a scholar in the studies of the Confucian classics and histories during the late Southern Song Dynasty. In the history of the Shijing Studies, Wang Ying Lin is well-known for his methods in textual research. His lead in devoting to the Gathering of Scattered Writings on the three schools of the Book of Songs has received particular approval and praise. However, scholars mostly pay attention only to his premiere contribution to the Gathering of Scattered Writings in the Shi Kao, which demonstrates an incomplete understanding of the work. The Shi Kao is the most direct Gatherings in the three schools of the Book of Songs. Wang Ying Lin also provided the complete historical materials in the Yu Hai, and his Kun Xiao Ji Wen exhibits both compilation and textual research. Therefore, to comprehend the contents of the three schools on the Book of Songs by Wang Ying Lin, we must observe the contents of the three works: namely, the Shi Kao, the Yu Hai, and the Kun Xiao Ji Wen. In doing so, we can better understand the motifs of the three works. This study discusses the Gathering of Scattered Writings of the three schools on the Book of Songs by Wang Ying Lin. It also examines the other works of Wang Ying Lin that are mentioned above. The study examines the standpoint and attitudes of Wang Ying Lin on the explanations of the Shijing, and offers an explanation the significance of the work. Therefore, the values and influences of the three schools on the Book of Songs gatherings and records by Wang Ying Lin can receive their rightful recognition.