從地域文化看蘇軾詞的杭州書寫

Understanding the Writing of Su Shih’s Ci-poems at Hangzhou from the Viewpoint of Regional Culture

杭州因其特殊的地理位置與發展歷史，自古以來即為東南方極秀麗繁華的海城，具有「山水登臨之美」與「人物邑居之繁」的地域文化特色。自北宋中期起，杭州更成為商業繁華的大都會；而詞體的創作和流播又與商業發達的城市有密切的關連，像兩度仕杭、與杭州情緣最深的蘇軾，就寫出多達近五十首關於杭州自然與人文的詞篇，遠遠勝過北宋其他詞家。蘇軾是一位內涵豐富、思想複雜又個性開朗的文人，在其心眼靈視下的杭州所呈現的自然與人文風貌，以及其居杭的內在情志與杭州地域的關連，是十分值得探究的課題，本文即從此二面向來探究其詞的「杭州」書寫，期能透視在其深刻凝視下的杭州都市型態，以及杭州地域文化對其詞內容與風格創作的影響。

Due to its special geographical location and historical development, for a long time Hangzhou has always been a beautiful and prosperous seaside city in southeast of mainland along with unique local culture. After the middle of North Sung Dynasty, Hangzhou has become the capital of busy commerce. Moreover, Ci-poem’s creating and spreading had close connection with the city of booming trading business. For example, Su Shih, being a government officer of Hangzhou twice, wrote almost fifty Ci-poems about nature and society of Hangzhou expressing his affections to the city. He produced much more Ci-poems than any other Ci-poet in his generation. Su Shih was an eminent writer with plenty talents, complicated thought but open-minded. He brought up an interesting topic based upon his observation in the area of Hangzhou’s nature and society plus his bright spirit as well as working experience at Hangzhou, definitely deserves a deeper research. This article intends to look into the writing of Su Shih’s Ci-poems at Hangzhou, to reveal the city living style of Hangzhou through Su Shih’s delicate observation, and to find out the contents and styles of his Ci-poems influenced by Hangzhou’s regional culture.