宋、魯二國君位嗣繼制析疑

The Analysis on The Institution of Succession in Lu-Kuo and Song-Kuo

本文針對《史記》「父死子繼，兄死弟及，天下通義也」與「一繼一及，魯之常也」之說，對宋國和魯國的繼承制予以討論。證明宋國君位繼承制不為父死子繼制與兄終弟及制並行，而魯國也並非「一及一繼」制，兩國都是以父死子繼為常。兄終弟及只是因應政治之變的繼位現象，在當時並非一種制度。因此，一繼一及不為魯之常，兄死弟及也不為宋國繼承制度之通義。

In this paper, we will focus on the records which it's a common law that the father is succeeded by his son(“fu-szu-tzu-chi''父死子死子繼), and the elder brother was succeeded by his younger brother (“hsing-chung-ti-chi''兄終弟及)in Shiji (史記), and will investigate the institution of succession in Sung-kuo (宋國) and Lu-kuo (魯國). We try to evidence the institution of succession didn't put ''fu-szu-tzu-chi'' and ''hsiung-chung-ti-chi ''together into practice in Sung-kuo, and ''fu-szu-tzu-chi'' was conventional in the two countries. ''Hsiung-chung-ti-chi'' was carried out in the special political situation; it wasn't a kind of institution of succession then. Therefore, ''i chi i chi '' wasn't conventional in Lu-kuo ; ''hsiung-chung-ti-chi'' wasn't a common law of succession in Sung-kuo.