夫妻角色認知、感情惡化情況及丈夫外遇行為

COGNITION OF HOUSEHOLD ROLES, DISTURBANCE IN THE AFFECTIVE RELATIONSHIP AND HUSBAND'S EXTRA-MARITAL AFFAIR

本研究以丈夫的外遇問題為焦點。主要樣本包括臺灣省四百零九位自願求助的先生有外遇的太太們。另外，取兩個參考控制組作為相對的比較：「問題」控制組包含五十五位自願求助的有婚姻問題的太太們，但其問題都不是外遇問題；「正常」控制組包含一百三十九位有正常婚姻的太太們。「外遇組」的調查問卷分成丈夫的外遇行為，夫妻的感情狀況以及夫妻對家庭角色的認知差異。「問題組」與「正常組」的問卷不包含有關外遇的題目。研究假設為：丈夫的外遇行為是因為夫妻的感情失和，而夫妻感情失和是因為夫或妻對自己的家庭角色之認定與對方不同。研究結果指出「夫妻的婚姻滿足感」，影響丈夫的外遇行為之力量不小。此外，本報吿的路徑分析顯示夫妻的感情變化會影響到其婚姻之滿足程度，也同時直接影響丈夫的外遇行為。比較控制組的資料，則先生發生外遇跟婚姻滿足程度的關連更明顯。三組在夫妻感情變化的比較也同樣強調感情惡化對丈夫的外遇行為之影響力。最強烈的感情惡化趨勢發生在外遇組。問題組的惡化還不如外遇組強，而正常組的夫妻沒有感情惡化。本研究的資料分析一再顯示，夫妻溝通對婚姻問題的重要性。在夫妻日常生活問題方面，大體上外遇組與問題組的夫妻最常碰到的問題是二人的相互關係，而正常組的主要問題為有關夫妻之外的其他家屬關係。所謂「相互關係」的核心問題還是溝通不良。而在正常組「家屬」問題的癥結常常是夫妻對孩子的管教方式。關於夫妻對其家庭角色的認知差異，路徑分析指出，此差異對丈夫的外遇行為之影響不是直接的，而是經由上述四種婚姻變項去間接影響到的。此夫妻觀點的不一致，對妻子角色與丈夫角色兩方面都有，但還是對丈夫角色的差異較大。

The focus of this research is the extra-marital affair in which the husband is the unfaithful partner. The main sample consists of 409 wives seeking help for marriages troubled by their husband's affair. In addition, two control groups were chosen for purposes of comparison: a ''problem group'' consisting of 55 wives seeking help for a variety of problems other than an extra-marital affair; and a ''normal group'' consisting of 139 wives from normal marriages. The research hypothesis is: A husband's extra-marital affair is caused by a disturbance in the affective interpersonal relationship of the husband and wife, and this in turn is caused by cognitive difference between husband and wife with regard to their respective household roles. Data is collected through structurized interview. It indicates the influence of marital satisfaction on extra-marital behavior is considerable. And the affective change has a dual impact on both marital satisfaction and extra-marital behavior. The long term deterioration in affective relationship is strongest in the main group, slightly less in the ''problem group'', and virtually non-existent in the ''normal group''. And the path analysis indicates that the effect of the cognitive difference between husband and wife concerning household roles on the extra-marital behavior of the husband is not direct, but rather, is mediated by the four marital variables: marital satisfaction, long term change in affective relationship, communication between husband and wife, and daily life problems. At any rate, though cognitive difference is recorded with respect to both husband's and wife's roles, the former generates greater difference. Suggestions for further research will be mentioned at the end of the paper.