病態哀悼者的治療：一案例報吿

INCOMPLETE MOURNING: A CASE REPORT

因死亡造成重要關係的失落常會引起心靈震盪，須經過哀悼過程方能恢復情緖，與死者關係解離。如果正常哀悼過程被阻碍而不能渡過，常造成情緖或社會功能障碍。本文案主是個九歲半的女孩，因哀悼外公去世的過程一直未完成，而有病態哀傷困擾。外公去世雖已三年，案主仍未停止地期望且幻想與死者重聚，並保留死者的笛子作為兩人關係永存的象徵，而影響她面對現實環境的意願，造成情緖與人際關係障碍。治療過程中，作者提供接納、同理、溫暖的治療氣氛，使案主能安全地開放因外公去世引起的複雜情緒，協助她處理和死者的情感糾結，最後平穩地渡過哀悼的過程。結案時，案主已主動地將精力投注於現實環境中，積極學習社會技巧，改善人際關係。

Loss through death of a significant person is one of the most stressful events in life. One natural attempt to heal the wound and detach the relationship is to grief. If mourning process is delayed or incomplete, one's emotion or social function may be hampered. The patient, a 9 1/2-year old girl whom the authors reported, suffered morbid grief from the death of her materal grandfather. -Because of her parents' reluctance to share their bereavement, the child was not helped to go through the mourning process smoothly and to face the reality. During therapy, the therapist adopted an accepting, empathetic attitude to help the patient feel free to disclose her true feeling and to complete her mourning. After 18 sessions, the patient started to explore the outer world more actively with her peer group. In this paper, relevent literatures were reviewed and the mourning process in children was discussed. The authors also made suggestions for helping children in the face of bereavement.