精神科病房團體治療效果之研究

THE EFFECT OF GROUP PSYCHOTHERAPY IN PSYCHIATRIC ACUTE WARD

本研究的目的是在精神科急性病房實施兩種不同方式的團體治療（醫學講座，病情討論），比較此二者對病患的治療效果有何差異，並附帶探討病患的焦慮和症狀在實施團體治療後是否有所改善，及病患對團體治療的滿意情形和關心的主題為何。研究受試為凱旋醫院－急性病房所有病患57人，受試者分別就兩種團體方式，填寫Yalom 12項有效治療因素量表，在團體治療實施前後，自填曾氏心理健康量表中的焦慮量表。而簡短精神症狀量表由精神科住院醫師在團體治療實施前後評量的，其滿意量表是在團體治療結束時由病患自填。結果發現：(1)兩種不同團體方式，對凱旋醫院－急性病房所有病患而言，其治療效果沒有差異。(2)其焦慮方面也無明顯的改變。(3)症狀方面有較明顯的進步。(4)各評量和基本資料之間，亦無明顯的關係。(5)而團體治療病患最關心的主題是以疾病為主。(6)病患滿意情形，以正向的偏多。

The purpose of our study was to administer two different kinds of group psychotherapy (educational group psychotherapy and interview group psychotherapy) in a psychiatric acute ward, and to compare their effect on the patients, with further discussion on the improvement of patient anxiety and symptoms after group psychotherapy. The degree of satisfaction of the patients toward group psychotherapy and the chief problem they cared for were noted. A sample of fifty-seven patients were selected from an acute ward of Kai-Suan Psychiatric Hospital. They were asked to finish the Yalom's Therapeutic Factors upon the two different group psychotherapy. Self-rated Zung's Anxiety Scale from Zung's Mental Health Scale and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale were administered due by two psychiatry resident after group psychotherapy. The Satisfaction Scale was rated by the patients at the end of group psychotherapy. The results are as followings; 1) There were no difference on the psychotherapeutic effect between the two kinds of group psychotherapies on these acute inpatients of Kai-Suan Psychiatric Hospital. 2) There was no obvious change on the degree of anxiety. 3) Symptoms improved to a singificant extent. 4) There were no obvious correlation between personality characteristics and every evaluation. 5) Illness was the main problem cared by the patients. 6) A positive response was noted on patient's satisfaction.