接受強制團體治療社區性侵害人之改變動機研究

The Motivation for Change of Community Sexual Offenders under Compulsory Group Psychotherapy

研究目的：探討接受社區強制治療的性侵害人，在參與團體治療過程中，其改變性侵害行為的內在動機與其變化，改變動機呈現於所屬的改變階段、改變動機相關態度與整體改變準備度中。研究方法：研究對象為30名接受每週一次治療的男性性侵害人，分別在團體開始前、接受團體治療12次、24次與36次之後等四個時間點，接受「改變階段量表—性侵害版」的施測。研究結果：所有研究對象在團體開始前對於改變性侵害行為至少已經進行了某些程度的思考，四成的人的改變動機階段處於沉思期，兩成的人處於準備期，行動期或維持期則有四成左右。在12次團體治療後可能退回較早的改變動機階段，但是之後即不會再進退。其次，和改變動機有關的四種態度以及整體改變準備度在四個施測點中沒有明顯的變化，但在各施測點中一致發現沉思期、行動期與維持期的改變態度強過於懵懂期，其中以沉思期最強，行動期次之，然後是維持期。改變動機的縱貫時間變化維持水平的直線趨向，未能支持改變階段理論的非直線變化假設。研究結論：改變準備度總分的變化趨向在性侵害人群體內部存在著多種型態。文末進一步從理論、實務與研究角度討論性侵害人的改變動機並提出建議。

Purpose: Explored internal motivation to change sexual offense problems through group psychotherapy in a group of community sexual offenders. Internal motivation was represented by the stage of change, attitudes towards change, and total change readiness. Methods: The participants were 30 male sexual offenders, aged 24 to 73, mean age 40, and had been attending weekly group psychotherapy between year 2004 and 2010. They were tested with the Stages of Change Scale-Sexual Offense Version at 4 time points, which were before joining the group, and after 12, 24, and 36 attendances. Results: First, analysis showed that all offenders at least contemplated their sexual offense problem, 40% of the offenders reached the contemplation stage, about 20% reached the preparation stage, and the remaining 40% reached the action or maintenance stage. Some offenders retreated to earlier stages after 12 attendances and then sustained that stage without further regression or progression. Second, their 4 motivational attitudes to change and total change readiness did not significantly alter over time. Across the 4 time points the latter 3 stages of change attitudes were significantly stronger than the pre-contemplation stage (i.e., the contemplation stage was the strongest, the action stage the second strongest, and then the maintenance stage). Third, the offenders’ motivation for change had a horizontal linear tendency, failing to validate the non-linear change tendency proposition of the Stages of Change (SOC) theory. Conclusions: The change readiness score had various patterns within the whole group of sexual offenders. The sexual offenders’ motivation to change is discussed and suggestions from theoretical, practical and research perspectives offered along with some augmentations to the original SOC theory.