情緒抑制缺損或策略判斷失當？依附焦慮行為不適切性之機制檢驗

Deficits in Emotion Inhibition or in Strategy Judgment? Investigating Mechanisms of the Inappropriateness of Attachment Anxiety

本研究試圖以「適切性」的觀點重新探討依附焦慮傾向之個體的互動特質與行為，及其可能的內在機制。由於高依附焦慮傾向者在與伴侶互動時，傾向於表現出無法相應於情境的不適切行為，本研究對此提出兩種可能的內在機制去解釋依附焦慮傾向者之不適切行為，分別為：情緒抑制缺損或策略判斷失當。本研究之推論，若此不適切是緣於情緒抑制缺損，個體應會在負向情境中展現出過度負向的行為；若此不適切是緣於策略判斷失當，則會於正向互動中仍展現出習慣的負面行為模式，而並非相應於情境而表現出正向行為。本研究進一步以台灣首度進行的「關係議題討論」互動觀察設計來檢驗兩者。
本研究參與者為台灣北部地區30對成年異性戀情侶。請他們在實驗室填寫依附量表與進行「關係議題討論任務」的互動。所有互動過程皆全程錄影並用「互動向度編碼系統」進行編碼，最後將對偶資料以階層線性模式進行分析。
研究結果顯示，在負向互動狀態時，高低焦慮傾向的衝突行為幾乎沒有差別；然而在正向互動狀態時，依附焦慮越高，衝突、支配與退縮行為越多，問題解決技巧等正向行為越少。
本研究結論因此排除情緒抑制缺損的假設，支持依附焦慮傾向所關聯之不適切性展現，源於策略判斷失當。

This study investigates, from an appropriateness perspective, the frequent ironic behaviors displayed byattachment anxiety. Appropriatenessrefers to a good match between an individual’s behavior and the situational demands.We proposed 2 competing mechanisms to explain why anxiously-attached people displayinappropriateness. If their inappropriateness originates from a deficiency in emotion inhibition, anxious people will tend to over-react negatively in negative situations. If they are deficient in strategy judgment, anxious people will show salient negative behaviors in positive situations. We designed and administered a problem-solving task to test these two mechanisms.
A total of 30 heterosexual couples (mean age 23.53/22.57 for men/women)who had been dating for over 1 year were recruited via the Internet to participate in a problem-solving task. They first completed questionnaires assessing their adult attachment orientation and provided some basic demographic information. Next, couples were given a problem-solving task and asked to indicatetheir major relationship problem and discuss itfor 10 minutes. Their interactions were videotaped and coded with the Interactional Dimension Coding System (IDCS) and analyzed through Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM).
The analysis showed that a couple’s interaction state moderated the associations between attachment anxiety orientations and interaction behaviors. In a negative interaction state, higher attachment anxiety did not exhibit more conflict, indicating the hypothesis on deficits in emotion inhibition was not supported. However, while in a positive interaction state, higher attachment anxiety corresponded to more conflict, dominance, and withdrawal. The hypothesis of a lack of strategy judgment was supported.