對靑少年子女親子管教的文獻回顧：性別敏感的觀點

親子管教向來是熱門的研究議題，但以性別敏感的角度回顧整理國內親子管教的研究並不多見。本文由親子關係中依循權力施行者與接受管教者，並在考慮社會文化下，整理國內親子管教相關之實證研究，歸納出父親與母親、父親對兒子、父親對女兒、母親對兒子、母親對女兒在親子關係中的互動影響。研究發現：社會並沒有因女性就業而減少其在親子管教的期待，女性則因力不從心，親子管教在雙薪家庭無法有效貫徹；在性議題上父母採取被動的態度，父母對孩子的性教育與孩子性探索程度不成比例，對靑少年的管教督導出現空窗；傳統性別角色透過性別社會化代代相傳，而父親是改變刻板印象的關鍵；女兒在家中後補、次要的地位宜被重視，以發展女性健康獨立的人格；研究並指出：靑少年隨著生心理的成熟正有效的在左右親子管教的方向。研究者並同理管教靑少年工作的艱辛，最後並提出研究建議。

There has been broad exploration on parenting. However, little literature explores parenting adolescent children from perspective of gender awareness. This paper reviews the indigenous societal experimental study of parenting adolescent children. Furthermore, this paper aims to point out the different caused by the relationship and interaction between paternal and maternal, paternal and son, paternal and daughter, maternal and son, maternal and daughter. The major findings are as follow : 1) The society didn't decrease its expectation on maternal parenting responsibility on career women. For that reason maternal parents couldn't completely supervise adolescent children. 2) The sex role identity transfers generation by generation. Father is the key person to change the gender stereotype. 3) The daughter's status in family is less important. Family must attend to this phenomenon to increase daughters' mental health. 4) This research points out those adolescents are influencing parenting direction effectively based on their physical and mental maturity.