從關係性自我理論看青少年慢性憂鬱情緒患者的自我表徵

The Self-Representations of Adolescents with Dysthymic Disorder–From the Perspective of Relational Self Theory

本研究的主要目的是從關係性自我理論來檢驗重要他人對青少年慢性憂鬱情緒患者自我表徵的影響。關係性自我理論認為個體在過去經驗中與重要他人的互動形成自我表徵的一部份。此自我表徵在新的人際脈絡裏，透過知覺與記憶的認知歷程，因互動目標的相似程度，而引發出過去的反應模式。依據憂鬱情緒的人際模式，若重要他人影響個體的自我表徵，也影響個體在新的人際脈絡中與他人的互動，則可以預測憂鬱情緒的青少年將會呈現負向且缺乏正向的自我表徵內容。本研究有144位青少年受試者，其中68位經由精神科專科醫師以DSM-IV為依據診斷為慢性憂鬱情緒，餘76位為一般青少年，以每一位受試者過去重要他人的特質為實驗材料，結果發現罹患慢性憂鬱情緒的青少年其自我表徵具有較少的正向訊息，而在無關及負向訊息上，與一般青少年沒有差異。

The present study was to explore, by relational self theory, whether there exists negative interpersonal bias in adolescent subjects with dysthymic disorder. The relational self theory proposed that the interactions between individuals and their important significant others formed parts of their self representation. The self representation will be active when, in a new interpersonal relation, the person possesses some similar characteristics as that of the past significant others. Thus, according to Coyne (1976, 1990), the self representation of the dysthymic subjects will be more negative, and will lack positive information as well. 144 adolescences, including 68 subjects with dysthymic disorder, participated in this experiment. The experimental materials were composed of the emotional features of each subjects significant others. The results showed that the self representations of the subjects with dysthymic disorders lacked positive interpersonal information. However, they did not have more significant negative interpersonal information than the normal controls.