學業成就與心理健康因果順序的貫時性分析：以TEPS資料做分析

A Longitudinal Study on the Sequence of Cause and Effect between Academic Achievement and Mental Health Using Data from the TEPS

許多國內外研究探討心理健康與學業成就的關連性，但對於此兩變項的因果順序，國內在缺乏使用長期追蹤調查資料及運用適當的統計分析下，截至目前尚未能釐清。研究目的：在於探討「學業成就與心理健康兩個變項的因果順序」，研究方法：運用兩筆台灣教育長期追蹤資料庫（TEPS）所進行的追蹤調查資料，做貫時性因果迴歸分析，並對相關干擾變項進行適當的統計控制。研究結果：學業成就對心理健康可能有接近直線關係的負向影響，而心理健康對學業成就並無影響，學業成就與心理健康兩個變項的因果順序是學業成就為因，心理健康為果；為了瞭解學業成就為何會負向影響心理健康？本研究進一步探討「學業成就與教育抱負的因果順序」，以及「教育抱負與心理健康的因果順序」，結果發現前者的因果順序主要是「學業成就會正向影響教育抱負」，後者的因果順序是「教育抱負會負向影響心理健康」。研究結論：台灣青少年學業成就高，可能會提高其教育抱負，但這反而會降低其心理健康。

Numerous studies have been conducted to investigate the relationship between academic achievement and mental health. However, the causal sequence between these two variables is not yet clear in the case of Taiwan since data from panel surveys and adequate statistical analysis are rarely adopted. Purpose: This study investigated the causal sequence between academic achievement and mental health. Methods: This study employed two datasets from the Taiwan Educational Panel Survey (TEPS) and conducted longitudinal causaleffect regressive analysis with a statistical control on related disturbance variables. Results: Academic achievement might have significant negative effects on mental health, which were close to linear, whereas mental health had no significant effects on academic achievement. In order to understand why academic achievement had significant negative effects on mental health, we investigated the causal sequence between academic achievement and educational aspiration and the causal sequence between educational aspiration and mental health. The results showed that academic achievement positively influenced educational aspiration while educational aspiration negatively affected mental health. Conclusions: Among Taiwanese adolescents, higher academic achievement may enhance educational aspiration, but lead to a decline in mental health.