自閉症的音樂空間——治療關係的形成

在本文中所探討的議題包括以治療關係定義「音樂空間」，以及治療者藉由音樂活動與自閉症幼兒進行音樂性的互動，在治療的初期觀察「音樂空間」可能呈現的形式。兩名自閉症幼兒各參加十次的音樂活動，目標行為包括個案參與音樂活動的形式、與治療師共同表現音樂的過程，若這些音樂行為是可見的，即可能說明所謂的「音樂空間」在治療自閉症的過程中具有重要的意義。結果顯示，兩名個案所表現的音樂行為、「音樂空間」的形式均呈現差異，同時，與治療者之間也分別建立不同內涵的治療關係。治療者發現個案在從事音樂活動以及與治療者進行音樂互動時，一種所謂的以治療關係為基礎的「音樂空間」確實以不同的形式呈現，治療者亦討論以音樂做為一種治療的媒介，以及「音樂空間」在治療自閉症幼兒的意義與可行性。

Musical space, defined as a therapeutic relationship between therapist and client, was examined in this explorative study. Two autistic children each attended to 10 sessions of music therapy offered in a veterinarian hospital. In the initial phase of music therapy, both the therapist and autistic children have been involved in a process of musical interaction. Mutual interactions and music making were observed as targeted behavioral measures for illustrating the phenomenon of musical space. Specifically, musical space was characterized as autistic children's musical style and the quality of the mutual relationship with the therapist. The findings indicated that the musical space derived from musical interactions appeared to be seen in two autistic children who displayed distinctively musical styles. The implication of musical space and music as a therapeutic media for children with autism were discussed for early interventions in the future.