受虐兒復原能力的探討：兩個保護個案的比較分析

Exploring Resilience of the Abused Child - A Comparative Analysis of Two Cases

筆者在社會工作臨床上發現，受虐兒在壓力和創傷中，雖有其消極的因應，亦可見不少積極的因應，致使其復原能力（resilience）產生極大的差異。依據文獻指出，兒童的復原能力可能與其認知技巧、個人氣質和社會資源整合有密切關係，值得探討。因此，本文首先是有關兒童復原能力的初探；然後介紹兩個保護個案實例，之後分析比較兩個案復原能力的差異情形及可能因素；最後討論以現實治療法和結合社會資源兩方面為社會工作的處遇之策略。

An event of abuse will interfere with the life of the affected child and those who close to him (her) sooner or later. In fact, the impacts of these situations can have an injurious effect upon the child's health condition and social performance. The author observe a complex matrix in which the relationship between the individual and the environment becomes most significant. The author believe that psycho-social health and recovery built by the child himself are very important. Thus, they have tried to identify how one's experiences strengthen general or specific cognitive-affective ego functions. This article will focus on repairing pathologies and point out two cases in which a trauma was converted into a resilient state. Both cases had experiences of abuse from their parents since early childhood. One was maladjusted and needed external pressure to motivate her over a period of time, or she would have given up and returned to her old behaviors. The other showed resilience in recovering from her early trauma and becoming confident. Each subject's level of resiliency is different. There are three sources of resilience: Necessary external support and resources; internal strength characteristics; and social interpersonal skill characteristics. Building resilience can be approached through a rehabilitative process, which requires a problem-solving, goal-oriented therapy, an coordinated endeavors to improve the subject's condition,' as well as make appropriate changes in his personal behavior and environment.