Satir溝通姿態之反思暨台灣人人際溝通量表之修訂

A Reflection Upon Satir’s Communication Stances and Revision of Interpersonal Communication with Taiwanese People

研究目的：本研究植基於考量兼具中華文化傳承與西化影響下台灣人的溝通特性，審視Satir的溝通姿態內涵，並且據以修訂人際溝通量表。研究方法：本研究採網路調查20歲以上之台灣民眾，回收516份問卷，有效問卷413份，比率為80.03%。研究結果：根據探索性因素分析（主成分分析，直交轉軸最大變異法）和驗證性因素分析的結果顯示，台灣民眾的人際溝通有九種，分別為討好、忍讓、指責護顏、重理、證己、打岔、迂迴、一致、圓融；總累積解釋變異量為65.074%。整體內部一致性信度為 .806，各分量表的內部一致性介於 .674到 .874。該量表亦具合理的效標關聯效度，驗證性因素分析結果顯示，適配指標值大多達可接受的標準。研究結論：本研究所修訂之人際溝通姿態量表具有可接受的信度與效度，有助於了解與探索台灣人在一般人際互動的特性。此外，直接套用Satir模式的五種溝通來瞭解台灣人的溝通是不足的；九種溝通型態除指責護顏外，其他八種均出現類似雙元的溝通現象，亦即有類似西方的一致和不一致溝通，以及其所對應的華人文化特性的溝通內涵。

Purposes: Satir’s five communication stances (Satir, 1983) are commonly used in counseling practice in Taiwan along with the interpersonal communication stance scale. This study aims to examine and reflect on the communication styles of Taiwanese citizens, who have a Chinese cultural heritage and a western-influenced society. We revised and tested the interpersonal communication stance scale to make more appropriate for use in Taiwan. Methods: A total of 413 Taiwanese participants over 20 years old completed valid online surveys. Results: According to exploratory factor analysis (principal components analyses with varimax rotation) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), 9 factors were extracted: placating, tolerating, blaming and saving face, super-reasonable, self-proving, irrelevant, roundabout, consistent, and harmonious. These factors explained 65.074% of the total variation, the full scale had a Cronbachʼs α of .806. This revised scale has good criterion-relevant validity, and most of the indices as a result of CFA showed a goodness of fit. Conclusions: The revised communication stance scale possessed satisfactory validity and reliability. It can be used to understand and explore Taiwanese communication characteristics in general. In other words, Satir’s five communication stance scales cannot represent Chinese communication. Eight out of nine communication styles, except for blaming and saving face, has dual-characters in that these styles encompass congruent and incongruent communications with a particular Chinese culture essence.