憂鬱與焦慮症狀共病傾向者思考抑制之探討

An Inquiry into Thought Suppression in Individuals with Comorbid Tendency of Depression and Anxiety

研究目的：負向情感為憂鬱與焦慮的共同因素。因此，學者們從負向情感與情緒調節策略的關係著手。不良的情緒調節策略可能是情緒性疾患的來源之一，而思考抑制（情緒調節策略之一）使情緒性疾患患者的脆弱性增加。據此，本研究旨在探討不同情緒症狀組別在思考抑制上的表現。研究方法：本研究以自陳式問卷蒐集資料。研究程序為邀請參與者填寫思考抑制量表、貝克憂鬱量表，及貝克焦慮量表；再根據貝克憂鬱及焦慮量表的切截點，將參與者分組為憂鬱與焦慮症狀共病傾向組、單純憂鬱傾向組、單純焦慮傾向組，及正常組，比較不同組別的抑制表現。參與者為279名北部某私立大學學生（女性佔66.5%，共149名，男性佔33.5%，共75名；平均年齡為18.95歲）。研究結果：思考抑制量表具良好的再測信度，但內部一致性較低；而因素效度部分，多數指數皆符合標準，具良好的建構效度。相較於正常組，憂鬱與焦慮症狀共病傾向組、單純憂鬱傾向組、單純焦慮傾向組的自我覺察抑制能力較差。研究結論：憂鬱與焦慮症狀共病傾向個體、單純憂鬱傾向個體、單純焦慮傾向個體與正常人在自我覺察抑制能力的差異，主要來自抑制侵擾性想法的不同。本研究試圖探究思考抑制在情緒症狀組別中之角色，其結果具有重要的理論與臨床意涵。

Purpose: Negative affect commonly underlies anxiety and depression. Researchers have investigated the relationship between negative affect and emotional regulation. Maladaptive emotional regulation is a component of emotional disorders and thought suppression is associated with vulnerability to emotional disorders. The present study explored the role of thought suppression in the symptoms of emotional disorders by examining the thought suppression responses of 4 different emotional groups. Methods: The sample consisted of 279 undergraduate students from a private university in the northern region of Taiwan (66.5% female and 33.5% male, mean age=18.95 years). Participants were administered the Thought Suppression Inventory (TSI), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Based upon the cutoff scores of the BDI and BAI, participants were assigned to the depressive tendency, anxious tendency, comorbid tendency, or normal group; the thought suppression responses in the different groups were compared. Results: Results of the analyses indicated that the TSI had good test-retest reliability, yet the internal-consistency was less satisfactory. Most indices in the factor analysis met the criteria for construct validity. When compared to the normal group, the comorbid, depressive, and anxious tendency groups all exhibited poorer self-perceived suppression ability. Conclusions: The difference observed between the normal group and the other groups appears to stem from the suppression of intrusive thoughts. Findings may have important theoretical and clinical implications.