華人已婚女性代間矛盾情感之特色與測量

Intergenerational Ambivalence in Chinese Married Women Construct Clarification and Measurement Development

研究目的：本研究以先前本土華人女性代間關係的質化訪談研究為基礎，呼應西方近年來對代間矛盾現象之重視，測量成年女性與上一代之間的矛盾情感，並探討其代間介入與個人身心健康之間的關聯。研究方法：本研究採用14組正負向配對題的方式，編製代間矛盾情感測量，並與其他測量合編問卷題本，透過15名聯絡人的協助，邀請600名居住在台灣北部地區的已婚婦女填答。研究結果：相關分析的結果顯示，與上一代互動越多的已婚女性，對父母越容易出現愛憎矛盾與罪疚矛盾，對公婆也會產生罪疚矛盾。本研究也發現，不論是「想要又擔心」的「愛憎矛盾感」，或是「想給又為難」的「罪疚矛盾感」，已婚女性對公婆的矛盾情感都要大過對父母的矛盾情感。進一步的迴歸分析顯示，父母的介入、公婆的介入，以及對公婆的罪疚矛盾感，均對已婚女性的身心健康有顯著的預測力。其中公婆介入與對公婆的罪疚矛盾對身心健康的影響是負面的，但父母的介入對身心健康卻反而有正向的效應。研究結論：本研究發現已婚女性與公婆及父母間存在著不同類型的代間矛盾情感，指出代間矛盾情感與已婚女性的身心健康之間存在著顯著的關聯，值得後續研究進一步探討成年子女與父母複雜的代間關係。

Purpose: Building on previous conceptualizations derived from a qualitative research, this study investigated adult women’s intergenerational ambivalences toward parents/ parents-in-law. Relationships among intergenerational ambivalence, international intrusion, and physical/psychological were also explored in this study.
Methods: This study developed 14 paired questions to measure intergenerational ambivalence. A questionnaire packet including other measures was given to 600 married women living in the northern part of Taiwan. They were recruited through 15 contact persons.
Results: Findings from our sample suggested that, married women with higher frequency of intergenerational interaction tended to have more affectionate ambivalence (or wanting/worrying ambivalence), as well as obligated ambivalence (or willing/reluctant ambivalence) toward their parents. Those women had more obligated ambivalence toward their parents-in-law as well. It was also found that intergenerational ambivalence experienced by married women was higher toward their parents-in-law than toward their parents, which is true in both affectionate ambivalence as well as obligated ambivalence.
Regression analyses further indicated that obligated ambivalence toward parents-in-law and parents-in-law’s intrusion both negatively predicted married women’s health. On the other hand, parent’s intrusion positively predicted married women’s health.
Conclusions: Results of the study indicated that there existed different types of intergenerational ambivalence among adult women and their parents/parents-in-law. It was also evidenced that intergenerational ambivalence was correlated with adult women’s physical/psychological health. Future research should further study the complicated nature of intergeneration relationships.