生死學教學對護理學生生死態度的影響

The Effect of Life and Death Education towards on Students

本研究的目的在探討生死學課程實施後對護理學院學生在態度上的改變狀況及影響的因素，採用「實驗組、對照組前後測」的方式來進行，研究對象為某護理學院學生704名，課程實施前後各給予問卷施測，有效問卷610份，經統計分析後得知：實驗組學生接受生死學課程後在下列「死亡逃避反應」上有顯著的減弱，如不再避免討論死亡事件、不再刻意逃避思考與死亡有關的話題、討論死亡課題後心情不再變得不佳、願意去思考死亡有關的事。另外在面對或討論死亡課題後，對「自己生命或人生意義」有顯著的增強，如對生命更加充滿感恩的心，有助自己人生的成長，對自己生命更加負責任，願意和臨終朋友討論死亡課題，生命更有意義，對人生更加喜捨與自在。生死學教育具有降低學生逃避死亡並增強其正向的人生意義態度的顯著效果，主要是經由生死學教學過程中促使護理學院學生增強其處理死亡勝任感，以及學生自己從生死學相關論著獲得的知識。

Life and death education is given to student nurses to reinforce their competency in facing death and to gain knowledge on the subject from reading references. The effectiveness of life and death education was measured by comparing the differences between experimental and control groups for 704 student nurses. A quasi-experimental design was used, with 243 taking a ''death course'' participated as the experimental group in the study. Two sets of questionnaires as ''pretest'' and ''protest'' were utilized to collect data. Findings indicated that receiving life and death education would not only reduce chance of avoiding death level in discussing death, dwelling on thoughts of death, and feeling depressed, but also increase their ''life meaning'' level in being more responsible for their own life, and willing to discuss death with a dying friend.