護病互動中的性騷擾

為瞭解醫療職場女性護士遭受男病患性騷擾之內涵與帶來的影響，本研究以二醫學中心、一般病房的護理人員為對象，以回溯性、半開放式問卷，針對晚、夜班護士388人進行問卷調查：印象最深刻的性騷擾事件、因應與影響。研究發現，48.7%護士曾遭受男病患的性騷擾，有言語的、身體接觸與性侵犯。不論騷擾形式，護士採取積極面對、制止，或消極忽視、立刻離開現場，但只有一半左右病人停止騷擾。對身體接觸，積極因應的多，且可有效制止騷擾。性騷擾均讓護士感到氣憤、受傷害、尷尬、害怕與挫折，因而出現護士「非必要，不再接觸該病人」的態度，甚至因而對工作厭倦。研究顯示：臨床護病互動中的性騷擾傷害了護士，影響了病患照顧品質；性騷擾更成為護士心中抹不去的陰影。受限於女性刻板角色、護理專業不受重視、性教育養成教育欠缺，護士對性騷擾處置能力不足，醫療院所也缺乏防治系統與訓練課程。建議建立醫療職場性騷擾防治系統，更積極爭取兩性工作平權及對護理專業的重視。

This study investigates the content and influence of sexual harassment in nurse-patient interaction. A total of 388 nurses in two medical centers, who were working in general wards, were asked to fill out a semi-structured questionnaire regarding sexual harassment incidence by patients. Results showed that patients sexually harassed 48.7% of the nurses. Sexual harassment occurred on both the verbal and physical level. Nurses' reactions varied and ranged from direct confrontation to fleeing the sexual harassment situation. Only 1/2 of the patients stopped the harassment. As for sexual touching, most nurses confronted the harasser and harassment ceased. As for verbal harassment, older nurses felt more anger than younger nurses. Compared to the older nurses, younger nurses felt a deeper fear of physical contact. After an incident of harassment, 58.2% of nurses tended to avoid the harasser. 17.0% of the nurses admitted they had grown tired of nursing. Because of the social stereotype to females and nursing profession, the inadequate sexual education in the nursing curriculum and in-service training, nurses lack the ability to confront sexual harassment. A prevention system in the health care setting is thus suggested.