對泛性焦慮症患者採認知——行為個別心理治療之效果研究

本研究旨在探討對門診泛性焦慮症者實施短期認知－行為個別心理治療的成效，實驗設計包括（1）先治療後追蹤，與（2）先等待後治療二組。病患接受下列評估：漢彌爾頓焦慮量表（Hamilton Anxiety Scale）、柯氏性格量表、心理衛生與習慣問卷、台大症狀量表、焦慮症患者思考習慣問卷及每週的情境焦慮測量。結果發現：接受治療組比未接受治療組在醫師評量與自我報吿之焦慮、憂鬱、人際敏感及恐懼症狀上均明顯下降，生活好習慣增加、心理健康程度上升。焦慮情況伴隨認知改變而下降，並在十次情境焦慮的測量中呈現逐次遞減情形。而治療期與追蹤期之組內比較亦呈現類似效果，唯在追蹤階段，受試者在憂鬱、生活好習慣上出現稍微退步情形。本研究的限制與貢獻亦在文中作進一步說明。

Thirty-six patients suffering from Generalized Anxiety Disorder were randomly assigned to one of the following group: group A received ten weeks of standard psychotherapy and then another ten weeks of follow-up; group B first received ten weeks of attention given and then ten weeks of standard psychotherapy. The therapy was conducted by one of two experienced clinical psychologists in sessions occurring once per week over a twenty-week data collection period. Outcome success was assessed using such pre- and post-treatment measurement techniques as blind rating by psychiatrists using the Hamilton Anxiety Scale and other self-report questionnaires. An assessment tool for measuring cognitive change with a test-retest reliability of 0.82 and acceptable construct validity supported by this research was developed. Results show that individuals in the treatment group experienced significant improvement compared to the non-treatment group, as shown by HAMAS and several self-reporting anxiety indexes. These results were confirmed by both in-group and between-group comparisons. Situational and non-situational anxiety both decreased as unhealthy thinking habits were reduced. These results support previous findings showing the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy in treating GAD.