九二一地震災區學生的因應型態與心理症狀的關係

本研究的主要目的是欲瞭解九二一地災區學生的因應型態與心理症狀之間的關係。本研究共收集681位災區高中生在因應量表及身心反應問卷的資料。本研究發現災區學生無論使用哪一種因應型態均不會降低他們的心理症狀，「心理逃避」是影響壓力反應的主要變項。而「信教」及「尋求工具性的支持」則是影響「刻意逃避／後創傷症候」發生的兩種因應型態。在社會背景變項上，因地震所帶來的外在社會條件的改變及損害（如：房屋受損、目前居住所在或家庭經濟來源等）並不會影響學生在身心方面的表現差異，而因地震帶來經濟困境、家庭關係或身心上的變動，則比較會影響學生心理症狀的發生。本研究認為目前的結果需要再進一步地長期觀察及探討，才能有更淸楚的意涵。

The purpose of this study is to examine the relations between the coping styles and psychological symptoms of the high school students who experienced the disaster of the earthquake on September 21, 1999. The subjects, including 681 high school students from the seismic area, complete the COPE and Psychosocial Reaction Inventory. The result shows no decline of psychological symptoms no matter what coping style was adopted. Of all coping styles, the ''mental disengagement'' affects the stress reaction most; the ''turning to religion'' and ''seeking for instrumental social supports'' affect the ''intentional avoidance/posttraumatic syndrome.'' Of social background variables, the change of social conditions caused by earthquake, such as damaged house, residence, a financial resources, do not significantly influence the psychological symptoms of the students. The economic difficulty, family relations, psycho-physical health and gender affect the students' psychological symptoms. Researcher takes these results need to be observed and studied longitudinally.