南部非教學醫院護理人員自覺關懷行為與病患感受之探討

Nurses' Self-awareness of Caring Behavior and Patients' Perceptions in Non-Teaching Hospitals in Southern Taiwan

研究目的：本研究目的在於瞭解南部非教學醫院護理人員自覺關懷行為及病患感受之概況，並探討護理人員關懷行為與病患感受之相關性。研究方法：本研究採護理人員–病患配對研究設計，針對高屏地區四所非教學醫院護理人員與病患進行分層、集群隨機抽樣，以關懷行為量表進行調查，取得有效樣本239對。研究結果：護理人員自覺關懷行為偏向「時常」，病患感受則偏向「有時」與「時常」之間。護理人員的自覺關懷行為得分，由高至低：「瞭解病人」、「病人權益的維護」、「幫助病人渡過疾病不平順的過程」。病患感受得分，由高至低：「幫助病人渡過疾病不平順的過程」、「瞭解病人」、「病人權益的維護」；其中，在「幫助病人渡過疾病不平順的過程」方面，病患得分明顯高於護理人員；護理人員自覺關懷行為與病患感受之間顯著地呈現正相關（p<.01）。研究結論：護理人員與病患對關懷的需求與付出雖有差異，但護理人員的關懷行為，病患仍可以感同身受。

Purpose: This study examines the current state of nurses' self-a wareness of caring behavior and patients' perceptions of their caring and analyzes the relationship between the caring behavior and the perception. The context selected for examination was non-teaching hospitals in Southern Taiwan. Methods: The participants were 239 patient-nurse dyads from 4 non-teaching hospitals in Kaohsiung and Pingtung. Data from structured questionnaires including self-reported demographic characteristics and the caring behaviors scale (CBS) were analyzed with stratified or clustered random sampling methods. Results: The results show that the nurses' indicated self-awareness of caring behaviors as ''often'' while patients' indicated ''sometimes'' and ''often''. The nurses ranked caring behavior from ''Knowing the patient'' to ''Patient advocacy'' and then ''Help patient through illness.'' The rank order of the patients' perception progressed from ''Help patient through illness'' to ''Knowing the patient'' and finally to ''Patient advocacy.'' Compared to the nurses, the patients scored the item ''Help patient through illness'' higher. There is a highly positive correlation between the nurses' caring behavior and the patients' perceptions (p < .01). Conclusions: Although there is a difference between the nurses' provision of caring behavior and the patients' need for care, the patients perceived the care and felt indebted to the nurses.