誰會待得久？戒癮者於宗教型戒癮安置機構留置期間的影響因素

Who Stays? Factors Affecting the Retention Period of Substance Abusers in Faith- Based Residential Treatment Centers

在民間中長期戒癮安置機構或治療性社區，中途離園代表服務的中斷，可能影響服務對象後續的戒癮成效。研究目的：探討進入臺灣某宗教型民間戒癮安置單位的歷年個案，分析其留置期間長短與其個人及家庭因素的關聯性。研究方法：針對2013至2019年間社工開案評估資訊中的171位服務對象資料，本文以多項邏輯迴歸模型檢驗基本特質、成癮物質、支持系統、居住安排、以及精神疾病等自變項與留置時間的關係。研究結果：男性、年輕族群、使用鎮靜類物質、有旁系血親的支持者在機構留置期間傾向較長，入住前有父母同住者則傾向提早離開，與精神疾病共病則降低待得久的機會。研究結論：女性及未經診斷的精神健康問題與留置期間較短有關，親屬等社會支持資源及相關經濟與家庭安排的協助，將有助於戒癮復元期間的延長，然而入住前與父母同住者可能提高三個月內中斷處遇的機會。建議相關政策制定者重視中途離園者的需求、朝向整合與銜接多元服務安排，以利於整體戒癮處遇成效。

In medium- and long-term addiction rehabilitation service centers, leaving the center halfway through the program means service interruption, which may impede the followup recovery effect. In the past, most research on addiction recovery in Taiwan came from prisons; little data came from private units that reflect the real situations of substance abusers. Purpose: To further explore the plight and needs of those who leave centers midway through treatment, we examined the cases of patients who entered a faith-based addiction treatment center in Taiwan in order to analyze the correlation between the length
of their detention period and personal and family factors. Methods: We obtained a dataset from social workers’ records for 171 clients from 2013 to 2019, and applied a multinomial logistic regression model to examine the relationship between the length of treatment and information such as addictive substances, support systems, living arrangements, and mental illness. Results: Males, younger people, use of sedative-type substances, and people with support from siblings or relatives tended to stay longer in the center. Those with parents who lived with them before moving in to the treatment center tended to leave early. People with mental illness also had a reduced chance of completing treatment. Conclusion: Undiagnosed mental health problems are an issue for both men and women, but it is an especially important reason for leaving treatment for women. For such women, the assistance of social support resources such as relatives and related economic and family arrangements can help to prolong the recovery period at a faith-based treatment center. Due to the factors associated with service interruption identified in this study, we recommend that policy makers pay attention to the needs of those who have left before completing treatment, and work on integrating and bridging multiple service arrangements so as to facilitate the overall effectiveness of addiction treatment.