267個常見中文雙字詞的情緒評量與自由聯想常模

Emotionality Ratings and Free Association of 267 Common Chinese Words

研究目的：建立267個常見中文雙字詞的情緒、詞彙特徵與聯想詞常模。內容包含情緒正負向度值、情緒激動感覺強度、抽象—具體度、熟悉度、聯想詞數量的主觀評量與聯想詞。並且檢驗情緒詞與中性詞在不同詞彙特徵上是否存在差異，以及各評量間的關聯性。研究方法：蒐集六所大學院校共283位大學生對上述情緒與詞彙特徵進行主觀評量與寫下第一聯想到的詞。過程中隨機且一次只呈現一個評量詞，同時要求評量者對該字詞以第一時間的感受進行評量，以避免混入其他的混淆因素。研究結果：本研究發現情緒詞與中性詞在具體度、熟悉度與聯想數量的主觀判斷上有差異存在。其中負向詞最容易形成具體的心像，且負向詞彙引起的情緒感受程度也最高。正向詞最讓人有熟悉的感受。而情緒詞與中性詞在客觀的聯想數量與聯想強度上並無差異存在，顯示本常模的情緒詞與中性詞在語意聯想網絡上是類似的。研究結論：本常模可以提供研究者選取情緒詞與詞彙特徵對應的中性詞。

Purpose: This study reports the emotional ratings of 267 common Chinese words and the free associations of these words by 283 participants. The mean ratings of arousal level, familiarity, concreteness, number of associative links, and the associative strength are also included. Methods: For each word, one-half of the participants were asked to rate the word’s emotional valence and familiarity, while the other half were asked to rate the word’s arousal level and concreteness. Upon receiving each target word, all participants were also asked to report the first associated word that came to mind. Results: Analyses comparing words with different levels of emotional valence showed that the negative words had a higher level of concreteness rating than the positive and neutral words. The positive words were rated as more familiar than the other two types of words. Conclusions: This study provides useful norms for experiments investigating effects of emotional words on various aspects of cognitive processes. In particular, it provides a valuable database of emotional words that can be matched in various ways while other lexical characteristics are manipulated.