影響精神障礙者就業之重要因素分析

Important Factors Affecting Psychiatric Patients' Employment

研究目的：本研究探討精神障礙者就業相關因素及其對就業與否的預測效能。研究方法：本研究針對15至64歲精神障礙者，透過郵寄問卷與面訪兩種施測方法，蒐集458份實證資料，進行次數分配、卡方分析、t檢定、羅吉斯迴歸分析與逐步迴歸分析。研究結果：研究結果發現影響精神障礙者就業的四項顯著因素分別為：年齡、教育程度、障礙等級和社區復健。羅吉斯迴歸分析結果顯示，年紀越大的精神障礙者越不利就業，即精神障礙者每多一歲，就業的勝算率就只剩0.953。比起未接受社區復健的精神障礙者，接受社區復健的精神障礙者就業的勝算率5.511倍。研究結論：接受社區復健是影響精神障礙者就業的最重要預測變項。

Purpose: This study explores the variables predicting employment status among psychiatric patients in Taiwan. Methods: Psychiatric patients age 15-64 responded to mailed surveys or personal interviews. Four hundred fifty-eight valid surveys were collected. Frequency distribution, chi-square, t-test, logistic regression and stepwise regression analyses were applied to identify relating and predicting variables of psychiatric patients’ employment status. Results: Four factors significantly correlated with employment: age, educational level, degree of psychotic severity, and enrollment in community rehabilitation services. Results of logistic regression analyses showed that the older the psychiatric patient, the greater the disadvantage for employment. Probability of employment decreased 0.953 per year of age. Compared to those who had not enrolled in community rehabilitation services, those who had were 5.51 times more likely to be employed. Conclusions: Enrollment in community rehabilitation services was the most important predictor of psychiatric patents’ employment.