青少年正念與幸福感之關係研究：以強項為中介

Character Strengths Mediate the Relationship between Mindfulness and Well-being in Taiwanese Adolescents

研究目的：有關正念、強項與幸福感兩兩之間的關係已獲得研究證實，但三者之間的中介關係尚有待進一步完善，而以青少年為對象的研究更是付之闕如。本研究旨在探討青少年的強項是否中介其正念與幸福感之關係。研究方法：本研究採問卷調查法，參與者包含全國（未包含離島）的國中學生共560人，以「正念覺察注意量表」、「『新編青少年強項量表』簡版」、「臺灣青少年幸福感量表」為研究工具，再以皮爾森積差相關與中介效果分析進行資料分析。研究結果：青少年的正念與強項、幸福感皆有顯著正相關；青少年強項亦與幸福感有顯著正相關。在中介模型中，青少年的強項部分中介正念傾向與幸福感的關係，尤其是「自己」向度（如自我尊重、情緒覺察、樂觀）的中介效果顯著大於其他兩個向度。研究結論：中介分析結果顯示青少年的正念傾向會透過強項的中介作用，影響其幸福感。此研究結果可針對未來研究方向以及實務工作提出建議。

Purpose: Character strengths refer to individuals’ positive traits and are categorized in this study into 3 dimensions: Self (e.g., self-respect, emotional awareness, optimism), Others (e.g., love, forgiveness, gratitude), and Things (e.g., creativity, perseverance, selfcontrol). Understanding whether these strengths mediate the link between mindfulness and well-being-and whether different domains vary in their effects-can clarify the psychological mechanisms that contribute to adolescents’ mental health and inform educational or counseling interventions. The relationships among mindfulness, character strengths, and well-being have been confirmed by many studies, but the intermediary relationships among them are unclear, and research on adolescents is lacking. We explored whether an adolescent’s character strengths mediate the relationship between their mindfulness and well-being. Methods: A total of 560 middle school students (7-9th grade) from the 4 regions of Taiwan completed our questionnaire, which included the Chinese mindfulness awareness attention scale, the new inventory of adolescents’ short strengths scale, and the Taiwan adolescent well-being scale. Results: Adolescents’ mindfulness had a significant positive correlation with their character strengths and their well-being. Their character strengths also had a significant positive correlation with well-being. In the mediation model, adolescents’ character strengths partly mediated the relationship between mindfulness and well-being. The mediated effect of the Self dimension was significantly greater than those of the Others and Things dimensions. Conclusions: These findings support the mediating role of character strengths in the relationship between mindfulness and well-being. They suggest that enhancing adolescents’ mindfulness, along with fostering character strengths-particularly self-related internal resources-may contribute to their overall well-being. Future research could explore comparisons across different measurement tools and populations. In practice, integrating mindfulness and strength-based exercises into school counseling or psychological education programs may help promote adolescents’ mental health.