2015至2023年國際港埠推動線上船舶審查檢疫重要歷程及成果

Key Milestones and Achievements in Promoting Online Vessel Quarantine Procedures at International Ports, Taiwan, 2015–2023

本研究旨在回顧船舶審查檢疫線上申辦的推動歷程及成效，透過「航港單一窗口服務平臺」（Maritime Transport Network, MTNet）整合跨三個機關系統船舶資訊，使業者申辦船舶入出境作業時免重覆填報船舶基本資料，大幅縮短交通及臨櫃等候時間，並提供檢疫單位把關境外移入傳染病可能風險，確保港埠跨機關資料正確與及時性，研究結果可提供未來邊境檢疫數位資訊整合運用之參考。
本研究期間之船舶審查檢疫共235,917件，線上申辦率逐年提升，由2018年60.4%增至2023年69.2%；COVID-19大流行疫情前、中、後三階段線上申辦率穩定上升且具顯著差異（p<0.001）；國內續航船舶線上申辦率（87.5%）顯著高於首港（52.1%）。首港線上申辦率逐年上升（44.9%至58.4%），而國內續航線上申辦率則趨於穩定（84.3%–89.0%）。
國際港埠推動線上船舶審查檢疫作業，除具高效率且便民、可調度有限檢疫人力外，於應處突發公共衛生事件及啟動港埠跨機關聯防時更具優勢，故建議以此基礎，持續深化港埠跨機關之數位資訊運用及引進新科技工具等，以強化邊境檢疫韌性及效率，因應未來新興或再浮現傳染病之邊境威脅。

To streamline the declaration procedures for vessels entering ports, the Maritime and Port Bureau, Ministry of Transportation and Communications, developed the Maritime Transport Network (MTNet), a single-window service platform that integrates the systems of the Customs Administration, Ministry of Finance, and the quarantine system of the Centers for Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Welfare. Submitting vessel quarantine applications through the online single-window platform aligns with international standards and best practices. We reviewed the promotion process and evaluated the outcomes of implementing the online vessel quarantine application system.
A total of 235,917 vessel quarantine applications were processed between 2017 and 2023. The online application rate increased from 60.4% in 2018 to 69.2% in 2023. Excluding 2017, when the online application system was first introduced, the online application rate showed a significant upward trend across the three phases of the COVID-19 pandemic (p <0.001). For domestic routes, the online application rate was 87.5%, significantly higher than the 52.1% recorded for international routes. The online application rate for international routes increased steadily from 44.9% in 2018 to 58.4% in 2023, whereas the rate for domestic routes remained relatively stable, ranging from 84.3% to 89.0% during the study period.
The promotion of the online application system has enhanced convenience for shipping agencies, optimized manpower allocation, and strengthened the capacity to respond to public health emergencies. It has also facilitated cross-agency coordination at ports. To further strengthen the resilience and efficiency of border quarantine, the adoption of innovative technological tools is recommended to support more effective responses to emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases in the future.