意識商品化：數位永生與科技資本主義的後死亡政治

Commodifying Consciousness: Digital Immortality and the Politics of Techno-capitalist Afterlife

本文企圖檢視科技資本主義如何透過數位意識複製與永生科技，將人類意識商品化並延續社會不平等。透過分析《黑鏡》影集中的《馬上回來》，《聖朱尼佩洛》，《黑色博物館》，《白色聖誕節》等集數，以及亞馬遜影集《上傳新生》，本文揭示了這些力圖突破死亡限制的科技技術，如何弔詭地創造出新型態的壓迫與控制機制。儘管科技新創公司宣稱數位永生能夠實現民主理想，但這些敘事作品卻揭露了科技超越死亡的承諾，實際上是加劇了既有的社會階層分化，《馬上回來》展現了悲傷如何透過分級服務被金錢化，《黑色博物館》呈現了種族暴力如何在數位形式中延續，《聖朱尼佩洛》揭示了酷兒解放的商品化過程，《白色聖誕節》展示了數位意識為自我剝削所服務以及如何透過時間操縱製造「馴服意識」，而《上載新生》則深刻地批判階級分層如何延伸至死後世界。本文借助南西．凱薩琳．海爾斯、喬治．阿岡本等人的論述，指陳當代科技資本主義如何將死亡轉化為新的利潤疆域。本文認為數位永生技術不但將人類最私密的經驗―意識、記憶、情感與人際關係―轉變為可計量的商品，更透過將社會階層編碼進永生的基礎結構中，使不平等的社會結構得以跨越死亡的界線永久延續。諷刺的是，這些承諾將人類從生物限制中的解放，最終可能使我們在死後世界更緊密地受制於企業管理與市場邏輯。

This paper aims to examine how digital immortality technologies, as portrayed in some episodes in British TV series Black Mirror and Amazon Prime video Upload, represent techno-capitalism’s commodification of consciousness and perpetuation of social inequalities. Through analyzing Be Right Back, San Junipero, Black Museum, White Christmas, and Upload, the paper demonstrates how technological solutions to mortality paradoxically create new forms of oppression and control. While tech startups promise digital immortality as a democratizing force, these narratives reveal how the technological transcendence of death actually capitalizes on continued existence and even intensifies existing social inequalities. Be Right Back exposes the monetization of grief through tiered service models, Black Museum shows how racial violence persists in digital form, San Junipero discloses the commodification of queer love, White Christmas reveals digital consciousness as an instrument of self-exploitation and the production of“docile consciousness”through temporal manipulation, and Upload critiques how class stratification extends beyond death. Drawing on theories from N. Katherine Hayles, Giorgio Agamben, Joshua Hurtado, and Peter Bloom, the paper argues how contemporary techno-capitalism transforms death into a new frontier of capital accumulation. The paper reveals that digital immortality technologies not only convert humanity’s most intimate experiences—consciousness, memory, emotion, and interpersonal relationships—into quantifiable commodities, but also perpetuate unequal social structures beyond death’s threshold by encoding social hierarchies into the very infrastructure of eternal life. Ironically, these technologies that promise to liberate humans from biological constraints may ultimately bind us more tightly to corporate management and market logic in the afterlife.