由「證據基礎」轉向「證據影響」──論「政策試點」方法的侷限與展望

From“Evidence-Based”toward“Evidence-Influenced”-- The discussion of Iimitation and Perspective of“Pilot Policy”Program

作為「循證政策」的一個研究方法，也作為當代政策工具中的一個新興策略，「政策試點」應該在未來的政策實務中扮演越來越重要的角色。鑑於國內以往相關介紹性文獻較缺乏，本文經過文獻檢閱後，首先將從理論面與實務面來分析「政策試點」方法的重要性，再來介紹「政策試點」的實施步驟。其次，本文也將從試點本身以及評估面，來介紹強化政策試點績效的方法，包括政策試點的五種不同類別，以及過程評估、產出評估、績效評估等三種政策試點評估的模式，並進一步說明「政策試點」可能遭遇的研究方法面、行政資源面、利害關係人以及兩界衝突等問題。最後，本文針對這些問題提出解決之道，並對於「政策試點」可在政策決定過程中扮演的角色做一分析。

As one of the research methods of“evidence-based policy”, and one of the modern policy instruments,“pilot policy program”should play an important role in policy practice gradually. However, there has be fewer relative works on this topic domestically before, through reviewing past researches, this article will analyze the importance of“pilot-policy program”, its procedures and methods. Furthermore, we will discuss the difficulties it will face, including the difficulties from research methods, administrative resources, stakeholder and“the two communities”conflicts. As a result, not only will I carry out some ideas to solve this problems but also analyze the function“pilot-policy program”can make in policy-making procedures.