青少年的風險行為與知覺

Adolescents' Risk Behavior and Perception

本研究以風險採取的觀點檢視青少年在九類風險行為的實際涉入情形、他們對這些行為的風險、樂趣與個人控制知覺、風險行為與風險知覺的關係以及在這些方面的性別與年級差異。以自陳問卷向958位台北市國高中學生及77位法院保護管束青少年所收集的資料顯示：青少年所涉入的各類風險行為彼此互有關聯，以反映發展階段需求或特性的類別居多，嚴重違反社會規範或法律的行為並不普遍；男性、高年級或受法院保護管束的青少年風險行為的涉入較多、風險知覺較低、樂趣及個人控制知覺較高；性別、年級、風險、樂趣及個人控制知覺都是預測風險行為的重要變項，但以樂趣知覺普遍地最具影響力，後者不論在實證研究或實務上都應給予更多關注。

Adopting a risk-taking perspective, the aim of this study was to examine the extent of adolescents' risk involvement in nine behavior areas; their perception of risk, fun and personal control to these behaviors; the relationship between risk involvement and perception of risk, fun and personal control; and related gender and grade level differences. Self-report questionnaires were administered to 958 junior and senior middle school students and 77 adolescents under court surveillance in Taipei City. Results indicated that adolescents' risk involvement in different behavior areas were interrelated. The most frequently involved risk behavior areas were among those reflecting normative developmental needs, rather than those of serious societal concerns. Older adolescents, boys and court sample reported risk involvement more frequently than younger adolescents, girls and non-court sample. They also rated the behaviors as less risky, more fun and more of personal control. Together, gender, grade level, perception of risk, fun and personal control were found to be significant predictors of risk behaviors, with perception of fun consistently significant and the most powerful predictor. Implications of these findings for future research and intervention were discussed.