婚姻暴力加害人分類之研究

The Study of Typology among Intimate Abusers

國外之研究均指出婚姻暴力加害人不是一同質性之團體，而國內之實際案例亦有如此發現。本研究之目的即在了解台灣地區婚姻暴力加害人之可能分類及其與致命危險間之相關。研究樣本以高雄縣市家庭暴力防治中心所接受之婚姻暴力案件為來源，委請接案之社會工作人員就受害婦女收集其「危險評估量表（Danger Assessment, DA）」、「簡易衝突行為量表（Brief Conflict Tactics Scale, CTS）、及研究者設計之「婚姻暴力被害婦女問卷」。本研究共收集有121個有效樣本，以DA量表之結果做群集分析發現婚姻暴力加害人可區分為四類，即低暴力型（佔53.6%）、酗酒高致命型（佔20.5%）、高暴力高控制型（佔21.4%）、及邊緣高控制型（佔4.5%），而其中有九位無法分類。四類婚姻暴力加害人在CTS之暴力量、致命暴力次數、及DA量表總分均至少有一對達顯著差異。而在年齡、教育程度、及有無職業，均無法達到顯著差異。本研究之優缺點及日後建議亦在文中有所討論。

All foreign studies showed that intimate violence offenders is not a homogeneous group, which is also found true among the real cases in Taiwan. The purpose of this study was to explore the typology of intimate abusers and the lethal risk among them. Intimate abuse cases in Kaohsiung City and County during one month period were selected as sample in this study. The abused females in the sample were administrated the Danger Assessment, the Brief Conflict Tactics Scale, and a questionnaire by the social workers. 121 samples were collected in this study. There were four types of intimate abusers identified by cluster analysis through 15 items in DA. They were low-violent (53.6%), alcoholism-lethal (20,5%), high-violent-high-control (21.4%),, borderline-high-control (4.5%) abusers. It were found that at least one pair among four types reached significant difference in the CTS totals, the times of lethal violence, and the DA total. However, the ages, the educational level, and employment status among them were not reached significant difference. The advantages and disadvantages of this study, and the suggestion for future study were discussed.